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dramatic event

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1 אירוע דרמטי

dramatic event

Hebrew-English dictionary > אירוע דרמטי
2 событие событи·е

event

комментировать события — to comment on events

оглянуться на события последних лет — to glance over one's shoulders at the events of the last few years

отпраздновать событие — to celebrate the occasion

повернуть развитие событий... — to channel events into...

предвидеть события — to foresee events

предвосхищать события — to anticipate events

предсказывать события — to predict / to prophesy events

следить за событиями — to follow the course of events, to keep up with the events

стать заметным событием — to become a remarkable / great event (in)

события вышли из-под контроля — events got out of control

беспрецедентное событие — unprecedented / unparalleled event

богатый событиями — eventful

важное событие — crucial event

исказить важное событие — to misrepresent crucial events

важнейшие события года — biggest stories of the year

ряд важнейших событий — succession of crucial events

внутренние события — home affairs

драматическое событие — dramatic event

знаменательное событие — important / portentous / significant event

значительные события — significant events

историческое событие — historical event

крупные событие — remarkable / great event

крупное событие в мировой политике — major event in world politics

крупномасштабные события — large-scale events

интерпретировать международные события — to comment on international events

международные события, события международной жизни — world events, international affairs

недавние события — latest / recent developments

непредвиденные события — unforseen events

памятное событие — memorable event

последующие события — subsequent / consecutive events

предшествующие события — precendent events

самые яркие события недели / года — highlights of the week / of the year

серьёзные события — important developments

текущие события — current / present-day events

трагические события — tragic events

развитие событий на международной арене — developments on the international scene

событие в культурной жизни страны — event in a country's cultural life

событие всемирно-исторического значения — event of world-wide historic importance, history-making event

события, которые являются переломным моментом — watershed events

события, происходящие одновременно — events contemporary with each other, simultaneous events

события, служащие основой передовой статьи / политической карикатуры — news peg

событие, совершающееся раз в три года / через каждые три года — triennial

событие эпохального значения — epoch-making event

тенденциозное освещение событий — biased presentation / interpretation of events

ход мировых событий — the course of world events

Russian-english dctionary of diplomacy > событие событи·е
3 яркое событие

General subject: dramatic event

Универсальный русско-английский словарь > яркое событие
4 actuación

f.

1 behavior, behaviour, conduct.

2 acting, play-acting.

3 pretense, airs, show.

4 judicial action, proceeding, action.

* * *

actuación

► nombre femenino

1 (en cine, teatro) performance

2 (intervención) intervention, action

3 DERECHO legal proceedings plural

* * *

noun f.

performance

* * *

SF

1) (=intervención) [de cantante, deportista] performance; [de actor] acting

la primera actuación pública de la banda — the band's first public performance

su actuación es lo peor de la película — the worst thing in the film is his acting

actuación en directo, actuación en vivo — live performance

2) (=espectáculo)

todas sus actuaciones tuvieron un gran éxito de público — all his shows were a great success with the public

habrá dos actuaciones de jazz — there will be two jazz sessions

3) (=acción) action

sus líneas de actuación — their plan of action

las actuaciones policiales fueron vanas — police action was to no avail

criticaron la actuación del presidente ante la crisis — they criticized the president's handling of the crisis

4) (=conducta) behaviour, behavior (EEUU), conduct

la actuación de la policía en la manifestación — the behaviour o conduct of the police at the demonstration

5) pl actuaciones (Jur) (legal) proceedings

* * *

femenino

a) ( acción) action

la rápida actuación del médico lo salvó — the doctor's prompt action saved him

b) (Cin, Dep, Teatr) performance

la actuación es pésima — the acting is appalling

la brillante actuación del equipo — the team's brilliant performance

c) ( conducta) conduct

criticó la actuación de la policía — he criticized the conduct of the police

d) (recital, sesión) performance, concert

* * *

= action, effort, initiative, performance, enactment, engagement, move, deed, action, implementation, measure.

Ex. Americans, convinced that education could be the panacea for all their ills, answered with vigorous action.

Ex. Co-operative, carefully planned and financed internationally backed efforts have been the keynote of more recent activity.

Ex. These discussions will influence subsequent planning initiatives with regard to the design and layout of the new building.

Ex. The totals and averages at the right-hand side if the screen give summary information about the performance of the vendor.

Ex. To re-emphasize a point that cannot be over-emphasized: reading aloud to children of all ages is vital, if for no other reason, because this is the way we learn how to turn cold print into a dramatic enactment in the theater of our imagination.

Ex. Any attempt to coerce a response without good reason based on that child's present predicament is to place in jeopardy the child's willing engagement now and in the future.

Ex. This move has probably affirmed the future of DC.

Ex. Books were kept for historical records of deeds done by the inhabitants: their worthy acts as well as their sins.

Ex. Coates believed that in order to conceptualise an action it is necessary to visualise the thing on which the action is being performed.

Ex. This software is important to the further implementation of the record format, especially in developing countries.

Ex. If we as a society hope to deal with a very real and important issue, the implementation of this popular measure is a good place to start.

----

* actuación académica = learning performance.

* actuación como intermediario = mediating.

* actuación común = concerted effort.

* actuación concertada = concerted action.

* actuación en vivo = live performance, live entertainment, live entertainment.

* actuación estelar = star performance.

* actuación legal = legal action, legal proceedings.

* actuación militar = military action.

* actuación musical = musical event, musical performance, music performance.

* actuación positiva = positive action.

* actuación relacionada con la información = information action.

* actuación simbólica = symbolic action.

* ámbito de actuación = sphere of activity, sphere of influence, arena for activity, extent of activity.

* ámbito geográfico de actuación = catchment area.

* área de actuación = area for action, area of policy, policy area.

* calendario de actuación = time scale [timescale], action agenda.

* calendario de actuaciones = action agenda.

* campo de actuación = purview, scope, sphere of interest.

* de actuación = for action.

* decisión sobre qué política de actuación seguir = policy decision.

* fase de actuación = implementation stage, stage of implementation.

* línea de actuación = course of action, line of attack, operational line, action line, prong, line of direction.

* llevar a cabo una actuación común = make + a concerted effort.

* método de actuación = clinical practice.

* organizar una actuación musical = put on + musical event.

* pautas de actuación = best practices.

* plan de actuación = action plan, business plan, plan of action, action statement, road map [roadmap], plan for action, response plan.

* política de actuación = policy.

* principio de actuación = governing principle.

* programa de actuación = programme of action, action programme, action plan, operating programme.

* * *

femenino

a) ( acción) action

la rápida actuación del médico lo salvó — the doctor's prompt action saved him

b) (Cin, Dep, Teatr) performance

la actuación es pésima — the acting is appalling

la brillante actuación del equipo — the team's brilliant performance

c) ( conducta) conduct

criticó la actuación de la policía — he criticized the conduct of the police

d) (recital, sesión) performance, concert

* * *

= action, effort, initiative, performance, enactment, engagement, move, deed, action, implementation, measure.

Ex: Americans, convinced that education could be the panacea for all their ills, answered with vigorous action.

Ex: Co-operative, carefully planned and financed internationally backed efforts have been the keynote of more recent activity.

Ex: These discussions will influence subsequent planning initiatives with regard to the design and layout of the new building.

Ex: The totals and averages at the right-hand side if the screen give summary information about the performance of the vendor.

Ex: To re-emphasize a point that cannot be over-emphasized: reading aloud to children of all ages is vital, if for no other reason, because this is the way we learn how to turn cold print into a dramatic enactment in the theater of our imagination.

Ex: Any attempt to coerce a response without good reason based on that child's present predicament is to place in jeopardy the child's willing engagement now and in the future.

Ex: This move has probably affirmed the future of DC.

Ex: Books were kept for historical records of deeds done by the inhabitants: their worthy acts as well as their sins.

Ex: Coates believed that in order to conceptualise an action it is necessary to visualise the thing on which the action is being performed.

Ex: This software is important to the further implementation of the record format, especially in developing countries.

Ex: If we as a society hope to deal with a very real and important issue, the implementation of this popular measure is a good place to start.

* actuación académica = learning performance.

* actuación como intermediario = mediating.

* actuación común = concerted effort.

* actuación concertada = concerted action.

* actuación en vivo = live performance, live entertainment, live entertainment.

* actuación estelar = star performance.

* actuación legal = legal action, legal proceedings.

* actuación militar = military action.

* actuación musical = musical event, musical performance, music performance.

* actuación positiva = positive action.

* actuación relacionada con la información = information action.

* actuación simbólica = symbolic action.

* ámbito de actuación = sphere of activity, sphere of influence, arena for activity, extent of activity.

* ámbito geográfico de actuación = catchment area.

* área de actuación = area for action, area of policy, policy area.

* calendario de actuación = time scale [timescale], action agenda.

* calendario de actuaciones = action agenda.

* campo de actuación = purview, scope, sphere of interest.

* de actuación = for action.

* decisión sobre qué política de actuación seguir = policy decision.

* fase de actuación = implementation stage, stage of implementation.

* línea de actuación = course of action, line of attack, operational line, action line, prong, line of direction.

* llevar a cabo una actuación común = make + a concerted effort.

* método de actuación = clinical practice.

* organizar una actuación musical = put on + musical event.

* pautas de actuación = best practices.

* plan de actuación = action plan, business plan, plan of action, action statement, road map [roadmap], plan for action, response plan.

* política de actuación = policy.

* principio de actuación = governing principle.

* programa de actuación = programme of action, action programme, action plan, operating programme.

* * *

actuación

feminine

A

1 (acción) performance

el premio a la mejor actuación the prize for the best performance

es un buen guión pero la actuación es pésima the script is good but the acting is appalling

la brillante actuación del equipo/del abogado the team's/lawyer's brilliant performance

criticó la actuación de la policía he criticized the conduct of the police

2 (recital, sesión) performance

3 ( Ling) performance

B actuaciones fpl ( Der) proceedings (pl)

podría dar lugar a actuaciones penales it could give rise to criminal proceedings

* * *

actuación sustantivo femenino
a) ( acción) action

b) (Cin, Dep, Teatr) performance;

◊ la actuación es pésima the acting is appalling

c) ( conducta) conduct

d) (recital, sesión) performance, concert

actuación sustantivo femenino
1 (interpretación, participación) performance
2 (intervención) intervention, action: su actuación fue decisiva para que no murieran ahogados, her intervention was decisive in preventing them from drowning
' actuación' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
ámbito
- arbitrariedad
- broche
- concertar
- intervención
- operación
- papelón
- teatralidad
- aprobación
- aprobar
- bravo
- brillante
- cometido
- desafortunado
- deslucido
- destacado
- discreto
- espontáneo
- improvisación
- irrepetible
- lucido
- magistral
- notable
- papel
- pobre
- precipitado
- rematar
- sobresaliente
- valorar
- vivo
English:
appearance
- booking
- gig
- impromptu
- match up
- number
- optimum
- performance
- scintillating
- showing
- spirited
- unconvincing
- uninspired
- wooden
- action
- cameo
- feature
- highlight
- star
- venue

* * *

actuación nf

1. [conducta, proceder] conduct, behaviour

2. [interpretación] performance;

la actuación del protagonista es excelente the main character gives an excellent performance;

esta tarde vamos a una actuación de unos cómicos we're going to a comedy show this evening;

con la actuación estelar de… starring…;

tuvo una actuación muy decepcionante she gave a very disappointing performance

3. Der
actuaciones proceedings

4. Ling performance

* * *

actuación

f

1 TEA performance

2 ( intervención) intervention

3

:

actuaciones pl JUR proceedings

* * *

actuación nf, pl - ciones

1) : performance

2) actuaciones nfpl

diligencias: proceedings

* * *

actuación n

1. (representación) performance

2. (acción) action

su rápida actuación le salvó la vida his quick action saved her life

Spanish-English dictionary > actuación
5 evitar

v.

1 to avoid, to prevent (impedir) (desastre, accidente).

podría haberse evitado esta catástrofe this disaster could have been avoided o prevented

evitar que alguien haga algo to stop o prevent somebody from doing something

Ricardo previno el accidente Richard prevented the accident.

María se guarda de decir mentiras Mary takes care not to tell lies.

2 to avoid (eludir) (cuestión, persona).

no puede evitarlo he can't help it

Javier siempre evita encontrarse conmigo Javier always avoids meeting me

3 to save.

esto me evita tener que ir this saves me (from) having to go

* * *

evitar

► verbo transitivo

1 (gen) to avoid

■ evitó una confrontación he avoided a confrontation

2 (impedir) to prevent, avoid

■ no pudo evitar que lo hiciera he couldn't prevent him (from) doing it

3 (ahorrar) to spare, save

■ intenté evitarle la molestia I tried to save him the trouble

* * *

verb

1) to avoid

2) prevent

* * *

1. VT

1) (=eludir) to avoid

quiero evitar ese riesgo — I want to avoid that risk

intento evitar a Luisa — I'm trying to avoid Luisa

no pude evitarlo — I couldn't help it

evitar hacer algo — to avoid doing sth

María evita a toda costa encontrarse con él — María avoids bumping into him at all costs

2) (=ahorrar) to save

esto nos evitará muchos problemas — this will save us a lot of problems

me evita (el) tener que... — it saves me having to...

2.

See:

evitarse

* * *
1.
verbo transitivo

a) (eludir, huir de) to avoid

evita entrar en discusiones con él — avoid getting into arguments with him

b) ( impedir) to avoid, prevent

haremos lo posible para evitarlo — we'll do everything we can to avoid o prevent it

para evitar que sufran — to avoid o prevent them suffering

c) ( ahorrar)

evitarle algo a alguien — <molestia/preocupación> to save o spare somebody something
2.
evitarse v pron < problemas> to save oneself

evítese la molestia de ir a la tienda — avoid the inconvenience of going to the store

me evitaría tener que pintarlo — it would save me having to paint it

* * *

= avoid, bypass [by-pass], eschew, guard against, impede, prevent, shy away from, deflect, forestall, avert, preempt [pre-empt], shun, be shy of + Gerundio, sidestep [side-step], steer + clear of, steer away from, get (a)round, shy from, stay away from, stave off, baulk [balk, -USA], hamstring, ward off, head off, skirt, give + Nombre + a wide berth.

Ex. This situation requires a very skilled information worker if total disaster is to be avoided.

Ex. She repeatedly bypassed the catalog because she was an inveterate fiction reader and approached the A section of the fiction shelf expecting to find Sholom Aleichem under ALEICHEM.

Ex. However, most contributors to the debate about the future of SLIS have eschewed practicalities in favour of sweeping and dramatic generalizations.

Ex. The system will ask you to enter the new password a second time to help guard against keying errors.

Ex. In early 1984 we were invited to undertake a survey of the fourteen schools of librarianship and information studies in England and Wales, giving particular attention to the constraints impeding or preventing desirable change.

Ex. To prevent an entry under the first name(s), these must be entered on a separate line with the subfield code 'j'.

Ex. Those who conscientiously attempt to keep abreast of current thought might well shy away from an examination calculated to show how much of the previous month's efforts could be produced on call.

Ex. Questions such as 'Can I help you?' on the part of the librarian are easily deflected by a hasty, perhaps automatic and ill-considered, 'Oh, no thanks' by the user.

Ex. In order to forestall such an event, some libraries in Britain were stung into action by the publication of an Act of Parliament which totally ignored public libraries.

Ex. He often did this, almost unconsciously, to avert an immediate sign of reaction to an irksome confrontation.

Ex. This article concludes that the main value of the indicators is as a management tool, as a means of preempting problems.

Ex. Traditionally these books have been shunned because of their fragile nature, but librarians are finding that a small collection can enliven story times.

Ex. Printers or publishers were sometimes shy of giving their real names -- usually because a book was treasonable, or libellous, or a piracy -- and for similar reasons they might give a false place of publication and a false date.

Ex. This article discusses how to start projects on the right footing by defining objectives and planning properly to help sidestep pitfalls which can be associated with bespoke software development.

Ex. This entire target market has steered clear of the public library.

Ex. This article gives guidance for steering away from some of the more obvious pitfalls when buying software.

Ex. The view of most users is that they can get around the restriction in a number of ways.

Ex. I have not shied from identifying some of the obstacles to achieving this vision.

Ex. This, again, is an area most libraries -- at least the ones I'm familiar with -- have tended to stay away from.

Ex. They resorted to exercising to stave off unwanted weight gain believed to be caused by alcohol use.

Ex. While many scholars concede that military interventions are sometimes permissible, they balk when it comes to deciding whether they are ever a moral duty.

Ex. Instead, the proposed regulations would hamstring public access.

Ex. The most strenuous efforts will not always ensure success, nor the boldest arm of human power ward off the stroke of misfortune.

Ex. And this stimulus is working in the sense that it has headed off the imminent risk of a deflationary spiral.

Ex. Bridleways that cross arable land may be legally ploughed up, but not those that skirt a field.

Ex. Under the new law, motorists must give 'a wide berth' to stationary emergency vehicles displaying blue, red, or amber emergency warning lights.

----

* acto de evitar = avoidance.

* agacharse para evitar = duck out of + harm's way.

* el evitar = avoidance.

* evitar discutir una cuestión = circumvent + issue.

* evitar el desastre = ward off + disaster.

* evitar el encuentro con = steer + clear of, give + Nombre + a wide berth, steer away from.

* evitar el enfrentamiento = avoid + confrontation.

* evitar el mal = shun + evil.

* evitar la confrontación = avoid + confrontation.

* evitar la fama = shun + the public eye, keep out of + the public eye.

* evitar la publicidad = shun + the public eye, keep out of + the public eye.

* evitar + Nombre = get (a)round + Nombre.

* evitar polémicas = eschew + issues.

* evitar problemas = stay out of + trouble.

* evitar que = keep from.

* evitar que + entrar = keep + Nombre + out.

* evitar que + escapar = keep + Nombre + in.

* evitar que + Nombre + Subjuntivo = save + Nombre + from + Gerundio.

* evitar que + salir = keep + Nombre + in.

* evitar ser afectado = escape + unaffected.

* evitar temas delicados = eschew + issues.

* evitar una cuestión = skirt + issue, tiptoe around + issue.

* evitar una infección = prevent + infection.

* evitar un error = avoid + error.

* evitar un problema = avoid + problem.

* evitar un riesgo = duck + risk.

* evitar un tema = skirt + issue, tiptoe around + issue.

* forma de evitar Algo = way round + Algo.

* forma de evitar una dificultad = way (a)round + difficulty.

* forma de evitar un problema = way round + problem.

* intentar evitar = fight + shy of.

* lo que hay que hacer y lo que hay que evitar = do's and don'ts, rights and wrongs.

* no poder evitar + Infinitivo = cannot help + Gerundio, cannot help but + Verbo.

* no poder evitar mencionar = cannot but notice.

* no pude evitar notar que = couldn't help but notice (that).

* para evitar su uso indebido por los niños = childproof.

* proteger Algo para evitar su uso indebido por los niños = childproof.

* * *
1.
verbo transitivo

a) (eludir, huir de) to avoid

evita entrar en discusiones con él — avoid getting into arguments with him

b) ( impedir) to avoid, prevent

haremos lo posible para evitarlo — we'll do everything we can to avoid o prevent it

para evitar que sufran — to avoid o prevent them suffering

c) ( ahorrar)

evitarle algo a alguien — <molestia/preocupación> to save o spare somebody something
2.
evitarse v pron < problemas> to save oneself

evítese la molestia de ir a la tienda — avoid the inconvenience of going to the store

me evitaría tener que pintarlo — it would save me having to paint it

* * *

= avoid, bypass [by-pass], eschew, guard against, impede, prevent, shy away from, deflect, forestall, avert, preempt [pre-empt], shun, be shy of + Gerundio, sidestep [side-step], steer + clear of, steer away from, get (a)round, shy from, stay away from, stave off, baulk [balk, -USA], hamstring, ward off, head off, skirt, give + Nombre + a wide berth.

Ex: This situation requires a very skilled information worker if total disaster is to be avoided.

Ex: She repeatedly bypassed the catalog because she was an inveterate fiction reader and approached the A section of the fiction shelf expecting to find Sholom Aleichem under ALEICHEM.

Ex: However, most contributors to the debate about the future of SLIS have eschewed practicalities in favour of sweeping and dramatic generalizations.

Ex: The system will ask you to enter the new password a second time to help guard against keying errors.

Ex: In early 1984 we were invited to undertake a survey of the fourteen schools of librarianship and information studies in England and Wales, giving particular attention to the constraints impeding or preventing desirable change.

Ex: To prevent an entry under the first name(s), these must be entered on a separate line with the subfield code 'j'.

Ex: Those who conscientiously attempt to keep abreast of current thought might well shy away from an examination calculated to show how much of the previous month's efforts could be produced on call.

Ex: Questions such as 'Can I help you?' on the part of the librarian are easily deflected by a hasty, perhaps automatic and ill-considered, 'Oh, no thanks' by the user.

Ex: In order to forestall such an event, some libraries in Britain were stung into action by the publication of an Act of Parliament which totally ignored public libraries.

Ex: He often did this, almost unconsciously, to avert an immediate sign of reaction to an irksome confrontation.

Ex: This article concludes that the main value of the indicators is as a management tool, as a means of preempting problems.

Ex: Traditionally these books have been shunned because of their fragile nature, but librarians are finding that a small collection can enliven story times.

Ex: Printers or publishers were sometimes shy of giving their real names -- usually because a book was treasonable, or libellous, or a piracy -- and for similar reasons they might give a false place of publication and a false date.

Ex: This article discusses how to start projects on the right footing by defining objectives and planning properly to help sidestep pitfalls which can be associated with bespoke software development.

Ex: This entire target market has steered clear of the public library.

Ex: This article gives guidance for steering away from some of the more obvious pitfalls when buying software.

Ex: The view of most users is that they can get around the restriction in a number of ways.

Ex: I have not shied from identifying some of the obstacles to achieving this vision.

Ex: This, again, is an area most libraries -- at least the ones I'm familiar with -- have tended to stay away from.

Ex: They resorted to exercising to stave off unwanted weight gain believed to be caused by alcohol use.

Ex: While many scholars concede that military interventions are sometimes permissible, they balk when it comes to deciding whether they are ever a moral duty.

Ex: Instead, the proposed regulations would hamstring public access.

Ex: The most strenuous efforts will not always ensure success, nor the boldest arm of human power ward off the stroke of misfortune.

Ex: And this stimulus is working in the sense that it has headed off the imminent risk of a deflationary spiral.

Ex: Bridleways that cross arable land may be legally ploughed up, but not those that skirt a field.

Ex: Under the new law, motorists must give 'a wide berth' to stationary emergency vehicles displaying blue, red, or amber emergency warning lights.

* acto de evitar = avoidance.

* agacharse para evitar = duck out of + harm's way.

* el evitar = avoidance.

* evitar discutir una cuestión = circumvent + issue.

* evitar el desastre = ward off + disaster.

* evitar el encuentro con = steer + clear of, give + Nombre + a wide berth, steer away from.

* evitar el enfrentamiento = avoid + confrontation.

* evitar el mal = shun + evil.

* evitar la confrontación = avoid + confrontation.

* evitar la fama = shun + the public eye, keep out of + the public eye.

* evitar la publicidad = shun + the public eye, keep out of + the public eye.

* evitar + Nombre = get (a)round + Nombre.

* evitar polémicas = eschew + issues.

* evitar problemas = stay out of + trouble.

* evitar que = keep from.

* evitar que + entrar = keep + Nombre + out.

* evitar que + escapar = keep + Nombre + in.

* evitar que + Nombre + Subjuntivo = save + Nombre + from + Gerundio.

* evitar que + salir = keep + Nombre + in.

* evitar ser afectado = escape + unaffected.

* evitar temas delicados = eschew + issues.

* evitar una cuestión = skirt + issue, tiptoe around + issue.

* evitar una infección = prevent + infection.

* evitar un error = avoid + error.

* evitar un problema = avoid + problem.

* evitar un riesgo = duck + risk.

* evitar un tema = skirt + issue, tiptoe around + issue.

* forma de evitar Algo = way round + Algo.

* forma de evitar una dificultad = way (a)round + difficulty.

* forma de evitar un problema = way round + problem.

* intentar evitar = fight + shy of.

* lo que hay que hacer y lo que hay que evitar = do's and don'ts, rights and wrongs.

* no poder evitar + Infinitivo = cannot help + Gerundio, cannot help but + Verbo.

* no poder evitar mencionar = cannot but notice.

* no pude evitar notar que = couldn't help but notice (that).

* para evitar su uso indebido por los niños = childproof.

* proteger Algo para evitar su uso indebido por los niños = childproof.

* * *

evitar [A1 ]

vt

1 (eludir, huir de) to avoid

evita entrar en discusiones con él avoid getting into arguments with him

para evitar problemas decidí no ir to avoid problems I decided not to go

¿por qué me estás evitando? why are you avoiding me?

2 (impedir) to avoid, prevent

se podría haber evitado la tragedia the tragedy could have been avoided o averted o prevented

haremos lo posible para evitarlo we'll do everything we can to avoid o prevent it

para evitar que sufran to avoid o prevent them suffering

3 (ahorrar) to save

una simple llamada nos habría evitado muchas molestias a simple phone call would have saved us a lot of trouble

así les evitarás muchos quebraderos de cabeza that way you'll save them a lot of worry

por esta ruta evitas tener que pasar por el centro if you go this way you avoid going through o it saves you going through the center

■ evitarse

v pron

‹problemas› to save oneself

evítese la molestia de ir a la tienda avoid the inconvenience of going to the store

si aceptas, te evitarás muchos problemas if you accept, you'll save yourself a lot of problems

me evitaría tener que pintarlo it would save me having to paint it

* * *

Multiple Entries:
evitar
evitar algo
evitar ( conjugate evitar) verbo transitivo
a) (eludir, huir de) to avoid;

◊ evitar hacer algo to avoid doing sth

b) ( impedir) to avoid, prevent;

◊ para evitar que sufran to avoid o prevent them suffering

c) ( remediar):

◊ me puse a llorar, no lo puede evitar I started to cry, I couldn't help it

d) ( ahorrar) evitarle algo a algn ‹molestia/preocupación› to save o spare sb sth

evitarse verbo pronominal ‹ problemas› to save oneself;
◊ evítese la molestia de ir a la tienda avoid the inconvenience of going to the store

evitar verbo transitivo
1 to avoid: no pude evitar reírme, I couldn't help laughing
2 (una enfermedad, etc) to prevent
(una desgracia) to avert
3 (a una persona) to avoid ➣ Ver nota en avoid

' evitar' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
ahorrar
- alarde
- carcajada
- contemporizar
- hincapié
- mortificar
- mortificarse
- murmuración
- para
- remediar
- aglomeración
- huir
English:
avert
- avoid
- breath
- bypass
- cheat
- clampdown
- clear
- deny
- get round
- harm
- head off
- hedge
- help
- loophole
- miss
- pair off
- prevent
- pussyfoot
- save
- scandal
- should
- stave off
- steer
- step in
- way
- get
- guard
- keep
- rat
- shun
- stave
- unavoidably

* * *

evitar

♦ vt

1. [impedir] [desastre, accidente] to avoid, to prevent;

¿podría haberse evitado esta catástrofe ecológica? could this environmental disaster have been avoided o prevented?;

evitar que alguien haga algo to stop o prevent sb from doing sth;

no pude evitar que se pelearan I couldn't stop o prevent them from having a fight;

hemos de evitar que se extienda el incendio we have to stop the fire spreading

2. [eludir] [problema, cuestión, persona] to avoid;

siempre me está evitando she's always trying to avoid me;

Javier siempre evita encontrarse conmigo Javier always avoids meeting me;

yo evité hablar del tema I kept o steered clear of the subject;

no puede evitarlo he can't help it;

no puedo evitar ser como soy I can't help (being) the way I am

3. [ahorrar] to save;

esta máquina nos evitaría mucho trabajo this machine would save us a lot of work;

esto me evita tener que ir this gets me out of going, this saves me (from) having to go

♦ See also the pronominal verb evitarse

* * *

evitar

v/t

1 avoid;

no puedo evitarlo I can’t help it

2 ( impedir) prevent

3 molestias save

* * *

evitar vt

1) : to avoid

2) prevenir: to prevent

3) eludir: to escape, to elude

* * *

evitar vb

1. (en general) to avoid

el político quiso evitar un escándalo the politician wanted to avoid a scandal

2. (impedir) to prevent

limpia la herida para evitar que se infecte clean the wound to prevent it from getting infected

3. (ahorrar) to save

eso me evitará muchos problemas that will save me a lot of problems

no poder evitar hacer algo not to be able to help doing something

no lo pude evitar I couldn't help it

Spanish-English dictionary > evitar
6 importante

adj.

1 important (destacado, significativo).

2 considerable.

3 significant, considerable, sizable.

* * *

importante

► adjetivo

1 (gen) important; (por su gravedad) serious; (por su cantidad) considerable

■ es importante que aprenda a nadar it is important that he (should) learn to swim

2 (influyente) important

* * *

adj.

important

* * *

ADJ

1) (=trascendental) [información, persona] important; [acontecimiento] significant, important; [papel, factor, parte] important, major; [cambio] significant, major

se trata de algo importante — it's important

tu padre es un hombre importante — your father's an important man

uno de los momentos más importantes de mi vida — one of the most significant o important moments in my life

un paso importante para la democracia — an important o a big o a major step for democracy

• dárselas de importante — to give o.s. airs

• lo importante es... — the main thing is...

lo importante es participar — the main thing is taking part

lo más importante en la vida — the most important thing in life

• poco importante — unimportant

• es importante que — it is important that

es importante que expreses tu opinión — it's important for you to express your opinion

2) [como intensificador] [cantidad, pérdida] considerable; [herida] serious; [retraso] considerable, serious

una importante suma de dinero — a considerable amount of money

* * *

adjetivo

a) <noticia/persona> important; <acontecimiento/cambio> important, significant

¿qué dice la carta? - nada importante — what does the letter say? - nothing of any importance o nothing much

lo importante es... — the important thing is...

es importante que vayas — it's important that you go

dárselas de or hacerse el importante — to give oneself airs

b) < pérdidas> serious, considerable; < daños> severe, considerable; < cantidad> considerable, significant

* * *

= considerable, important, major, notable, prominent, relevant, remarkable, significant, significantly, substantial, weighty, consequential, solid, acute, appreciable, major, mighty [mightier -comp., mightiest -sup.], goodly [goodlier -comp., goodliest -sup.], key, meaningful, vital, hefty [heftier -comp., heftiest -sup.], of consequence, meaty [meatier -comp., meatiest -sup.], seminal.

Ex. The need to become familiar with different command languages for different hosts is a considerable barrier to effective retrieval.

Ex. Accessibility to the documents stored in files is an important factor, so the physical storage is important.

Ex. This scheme aims for a more helpful order than the major schemes, by following the groupings of subjects as they are taught in schools.

Ex. There are notable differences in practice between the United States and the United Kingdom.

Ex. Classification is also prominent in the physical arrangement of documents.

Ex. Most such bulletins list titles or abstracts, together with citations of relevant new documents in the subject area.

Ex. Two remarkable features of the BM code are its acceptance of corporate authorship, and its use of form headings.

Ex. With online display, the alphabetical arrangement can become less significant, since all look-ups can be achieved with the computer, and there is less need for the scanning of alphabetical lists.

Ex. The problem of their citation looms less significantly in abstracting and indexing products than that of the citation of periodical articles.

Ex. This data base will eventually become a very substantial bibliographic data base.

Ex. Whether the juxtaposition of language with literature is as weighty an advantage as has on occasion been claimed is, I think, debatable.

Ex. The democratisation of Russian intellectual life was one of the most consequential of the dramatic social and political changes that took place in Russia in the 1860s.

Ex. There is no doubt that the ideas put forward by Coates and their implementation in BTI have been a solid step forward in the theory of alphabetical subject headings.

Ex. In some areas of study, notably the social sciences, the problems vocabulary are acute.

Ex. Cannabis often shows no appreciable effects the first time it is taken.

Ex. In the face of present priorities and staff commitments, the Library feels that it cannot undertake a comprehensive study of the subject heading system that would pave the way for a major restructuring of the system.

Ex. The October 2002 issue of CONVERGE magazine lists their picks for the 'Shapers of the Future 2002' -- 'today's leaders and innovators who have dreamed and accomplished mighty things in technology and education'.

Ex. However, we must not forget the book which the critics acclaim and which also sells in goodly numbers.

Ex. This meeting brought together representatives of the key organizations in the community.

Ex. Each operator has a filing value which has been designate in order to ensure that terms appear in the index string in an order that will produce a meaningful set of index entries.

Ex. The pressures of the marketplace mean that any vital facility must be offered by all of the major hosts.

Ex. Research publication had to adopt the same economic model as trade publication, and research libraries the world over paid the hefty price = Las publicaciones científicas tuvieron que adoptar el mismo modelo económico que las publicaciones comerciales y las bibliotecas universitarias de todo el mundo pagaron un precio elevado.

Ex. We have the right and responsibility to make wise decisions in 'times of consequence'.

Ex. We want Robyn to write about really meaty issues every week, instead of talking about spousal abuse.

Ex. He has published seminal papers on automated cataloging and authority control in Library Journal, Library Quarterly, and Journal of Library Automation.

----

* acontecimiento importante = milestone, red carpet event.

* considerar importante = hold + Nombre + dear.

* continuar siendo importante = remain + big.

* economizar en cosas importantes y derrochar en nimiedades = penny wise, pound foolish.

* el último pero no el menos importante = the last but by no means least.

* es importante destacar = importantly.

* evento importante = milestone.

* hacer que sea importante = render + important.

* hacerse cada vez más importante = increase in + importance.

* la parte más importante = the heart of.

* llegar a un momento importante en + Posesivo + historia = reach + milestone.

* lo más importante = most of all.

* lo que es más importante = most importantly, more importantly, most of all, most important.

* lo que es muy importante = importantly.

* más importante = foremost.

* más importante aun = more significantly.

* menos importante, el = least, the.

* muy importante = critical, very importantly, big time.

* poco importante = small-time.

* por último pero no menos importante = last but not least.

* sentirse importante = feel + important.

* ser Algo muy importante = loom + large.

* ser cada vez más importante = increase in + importance.

* ser importante = be of importance, be of consequence.

* suceso importante = critical incident.

* suma importante = princely sum.

* último pero no el menos importante, el = final and not the least important, the.

* uno de los + Nombre + más importante = not the least + Nombre, not the least of + Nombre.

* * *

adjetivo

a) <noticia/persona> important; <acontecimiento/cambio> important, significant

¿qué dice la carta? - nada importante — what does the letter say? - nothing of any importance o nothing much

lo importante es... — the important thing is...

es importante que vayas — it's important that you go

dárselas de or hacerse el importante — to give oneself airs

b) < pérdidas> serious, considerable; < daños> severe, considerable; < cantidad> considerable, significant

* * *

= considerable, important, major, notable, prominent, relevant, remarkable, significant, significantly, substantial, weighty, consequential, solid, acute, appreciable, major, mighty [mightier -comp., mightiest -sup.], goodly [goodlier -comp., goodliest -sup.], key, meaningful, vital, hefty [heftier -comp., heftiest -sup.], of consequence, meaty [meatier -comp., meatiest -sup.], seminal.

Ex: The need to become familiar with different command languages for different hosts is a considerable barrier to effective retrieval.

Ex: Accessibility to the documents stored in files is an important factor, so the physical storage is important.

Ex: This scheme aims for a more helpful order than the major schemes, by following the groupings of subjects as they are taught in schools.

Ex: There are notable differences in practice between the United States and the United Kingdom.

Ex: Classification is also prominent in the physical arrangement of documents.

Ex: Most such bulletins list titles or abstracts, together with citations of relevant new documents in the subject area.

Ex: Two remarkable features of the BM code are its acceptance of corporate authorship, and its use of form headings.

Ex: With online display, the alphabetical arrangement can become less significant, since all look-ups can be achieved with the computer, and there is less need for the scanning of alphabetical lists.

Ex: The problem of their citation looms less significantly in abstracting and indexing products than that of the citation of periodical articles.

Ex: This data base will eventually become a very substantial bibliographic data base.

Ex: Whether the juxtaposition of language with literature is as weighty an advantage as has on occasion been claimed is, I think, debatable.

Ex: The democratisation of Russian intellectual life was one of the most consequential of the dramatic social and political changes that took place in Russia in the 1860s.

Ex: There is no doubt that the ideas put forward by Coates and their implementation in BTI have been a solid step forward in the theory of alphabetical subject headings.

Ex: In some areas of study, notably the social sciences, the problems vocabulary are acute.

Ex: Cannabis often shows no appreciable effects the first time it is taken.

Ex: In the face of present priorities and staff commitments, the Library feels that it cannot undertake a comprehensive study of the subject heading system that would pave the way for a major restructuring of the system.

Ex: The October 2002 issue of CONVERGE magazine lists their picks for the 'Shapers of the Future 2002' -- 'today's leaders and innovators who have dreamed and accomplished mighty things in technology and education'.

Ex: However, we must not forget the book which the critics acclaim and which also sells in goodly numbers.

Ex: This meeting brought together representatives of the key organizations in the community.

Ex: Each operator has a filing value which has been designate in order to ensure that terms appear in the index string in an order that will produce a meaningful set of index entries.

Ex: The pressures of the marketplace mean that any vital facility must be offered by all of the major hosts.

Ex: Research publication had to adopt the same economic model as trade publication, and research libraries the world over paid the hefty price = Las publicaciones científicas tuvieron que adoptar el mismo modelo económico que las publicaciones comerciales y las bibliotecas universitarias de todo el mundo pagaron un precio elevado.

Ex: We have the right and responsibility to make wise decisions in 'times of consequence'.

Ex: We want Robyn to write about really meaty issues every week, instead of talking about spousal abuse.

Ex: He has published seminal papers on automated cataloging and authority control in Library Journal, Library Quarterly, and Journal of Library Automation.

* acontecimiento importante = milestone, red carpet event.

* considerar importante = hold + Nombre + dear.

* continuar siendo importante = remain + big.

* economizar en cosas importantes y derrochar en nimiedades = penny wise, pound foolish.

* el último pero no el menos importante = the last but by no means least.

* es importante destacar = importantly.

* evento importante = milestone.

* hacer que sea importante = render + important.

* hacerse cada vez más importante = increase in + importance.

* la parte más importante = the heart of.

* llegar a un momento importante en + Posesivo + historia = reach + milestone.

* lo más importante = most of all.

* lo que es más importante = most importantly, more importantly, most of all, most important.

* lo que es muy importante = importantly.

* más importante = foremost.

* más importante aun = more significantly.

* menos importante, el = least, the.

* muy importante = critical, very importantly, big time.

* poco importante = small-time.

* por último pero no menos importante = last but not least.

* sentirse importante = feel + important.

* ser Algo muy importante = loom + large.

* ser cada vez más importante = increase in + importance.

* ser importante = be of importance, be of consequence.

* suceso importante = critical incident.

* suma importante = princely sum.

* último pero no el menos importante, el = final and not the least important, the.

* uno de los + Nombre + más importante = not the least + Nombre, not the least of + Nombre.

* * *

importante

adjective

1 ‹noticia/persona› important; ‹acontecimiento/cambio› important, significant

tengo algo importante que decirte I have something important to tell you

¿qué dice la carta? — nada importante what does the letter say? — nothing of any importance o nothing much

lo importante es participar the important thing is to take part

es importante que vayas it's important that you go

dárselas de or hacerse el importante to give oneself airs

2 ‹pérdidas› serious, considerable; ‹cantidad› considerable, significant

una importante suma de dinero a large o considerable o significant sum of money

la tormenta causó importantes daños the storm caused severe o considerable damage

un número importante de ciudadanos a significant o considerable o large number of citizens

* * *

Multiple Entries:
algo importante
importante
importante adjetivo
a) ‹noticia/persona› important;

‹acontecimiento/cambio› important, significant;
dárselas de or hacerse el importante to give oneself airs
b) ‹ pérdidas› serious, considerable;

‹ daños› severe, considerable;
‹ cantidad› considerable, significant
importante adjetivo important, significant: un importante geólogo dará la conferencia, a noted geologist will give the lecture
una cantidad importante, a considerable amount
' importante' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
bonita
- bonito
- categoría
- ciudad
- comodidad
- consignar
- cosa
- cualquiera
- despreciable
- eje
- eslabón
- floricultura
- gorda
- gordo
- historia
- histórica
- histórico
- inmediatez
- menos
- nada
- núcleo
- opinar
- personaje
- pintar
- poderosa
- poderoso
- reseñar
- sabrosa
- sabroso
- salario
- señalada
- señalado
- señor
- suma
- sustancial
- sustantiva
- sustantivo
- tomo
- viso
- indiferente
- notable
- papel
- parecer
- personalidad
- pez
- que
- trascendental
- trascendente
- un
- visita
English:
amount to
- appreciable
- armory
- armoury
- assassin
- assassination
- big
- consideration
- depreciate
- edit
- flagship
- grain
- grand
- great
- head-hunt
- high
- if
- important
- increasingly
- large
- last
- leading
- least
- major
- mean
- morality
- prominent
- significant
- sponsor
- thing
- VIP
- weighty
- assassinate
- come
- considerable
- feature
- feel
- first
- foremost
- name
- priority
- strongly
- substantial

* * *

importante adj

1. [destacado, significativo] important;

el descontento está adquiriendo proporciones importantes dissatisfaction is becoming widespread;

ocupa un cargo importante en el ministerio he has an important job at the ministry;

ella es muy importante para mí she's very important to me;

lo importante es hacerlo despacio the important thing is to do it slowly;

no te preocupes, lo importante es que tengas buena salud don't worry, the most important thing is for you to be healthy;

Comp

dárselas de importante, hacerse el/la importante to give oneself airs, to act all important

2. [cantidad] considerable;
[lesión] serious;
una cantidad importante de dinero a significant o considerable sum of money;

el tren llegó con un retraso importante the train was very late

* * *

importante

adj important

* * *

importante adj

: important

♦ importantemente adv

* * *

importante adj

1. (en general) important

una persona importante an important person

2. (considerable) considerable

una suma importante a considerable sum

lo importante the important thing

Spanish-English dictionary > importante
7 λόγος

λόγος, ὁ, verbal noun of λέγω (B), with senses corresponding to λέγω (B) II and III (on the various senses of the word v. Theo Sm.pp.72,73 H., An.Ox.4.327): common in all periods in Prose and Verse, exc. Epic, in which it is found in signf. derived from λέγω (B) 111, cf.infr. VI. 1 a:

I computation, reckoning (cf. λέγω (B) II).

1 account of money handled, σανίδες εἰς ἃς τὸν λ. ἀναγράφομεν IG12.374.191
; ἐδίδοσαν τὸν λ. ib.232.2; λ. δώσεις τῶν μετεχείρισας χρημάτων Hdt.3.142
, cf. 143; οὔτε χρήματα διαχειρίσας τῆς πόλεως δίδωμι λ. αὐτῶν οὔτε ἀρχὴν ἄρξας οὐδεμίαν εὐθύνας ὑπέχω νῦν αὐτῆς Lys.24.26
; λ. ἀπενεγκεῖν Arist.Ath.54.1
; ἐν ταῖς εὐθύναις τοῦ τοιούτου λ. ὑπεχέτω Pl.Lg. 774b
; τὸν τῶν χρημάτων λ. παρὰ τούτων λαμβάνειν D.8.47
; ἀδικήματα εἰς ἀργυρίου λ. ἀνήκοντα Din.1.60
; συνᾶραι λόγον μετά τινος settle accounts with, Ev.Matt.18.23, etc.; δεύτεροι λ. a second audit, Cod.Just.1.4.26.1; ὁ τραπεζιτικὸς λ. banking account, Theo Sm.p.73 H.: metaph., οὐκ ἂν πριαίμην οὐδενὸς λ. βροτόν S.Aj. 477
.

b public accounts, i. e. branch of treasury, ἴδιος λ., in Egypt, OGI188.2, 189.3, 669.38; also as title of treasurer, ib.408.4, Str.17.1.12; ὁ ἐπὶ τῶν λ. IPE2.29
A ([place name] Panticapaeum); δημόσιος λ., = Lat. fiscus, OGI669.21 (Egypt, i A.D.), etc. (but later, = aerarium, Cod.Just.1.5.15); also Καίσαρος λ. OGI669.30
; κυριακὸς λ. ib.18.

2 generally, account, reckoning, μὴ φῦναι τὸν ἅπαντα νικᾷ λ. excels the whole account, i.e. is best of all, S.OC 1225 (lyr.); δόντας λ. τῶν ἐποίησαν accounting for, i.e. paying the penalty for their doings, Hdt.8.100; λ. αἰτεῖν Pl.Plt. 285e
; λ. δοῦναι καὶ δέξασθαι Id.Prt. 336c
, al.; λαμβάνειν λ. καὶ ἐλέγχειν Id.Men. 75d
; παρασχεῖν τῶν εἰρημένων λ. Id.R. 344d
; λ. ἀπαιτεῖν D.30.15
, cf. Arist. EN 1104a3; λ. ὑπέχειν, δοῦναι, D.19.95; λ. ἐγγράψαι Id.24.199
, al.; λ. ἀποφέρειν τῇ πόλει Aeschin.3.22
, cf. Eu. Luc.16.2, Ep.Hebr.13.17; τὸ παράδοξον τῶν συμβεβηκότων ὑπὸ λόγον ἄγειν Plb.15.34.2
; λ. ἡ ἐπιστήμη, πολλὰ δὲ ὁ λ. the account is manifold, Plot.6.9.4; ἔχων λόγον τοῦ διὰ τί an account of the cause, Arist.APo. 74b27; ἐς λ. τινός on account of, ἐς χρημάτων λ. Th.3.46
, cf. Plb.5.89.6, LXX 2 Ma1.14, JRS 18.152 ([place name] Jerash); λόγῳ c. gen., by way of, Cod.Just.3.2.5. al.; κατὰ λόγον τοῦ μεγέθους if we take into account his size, Arist.HA 517b27; πρὸς ὃν ἡμῖν ὁ λ. Ep.Hebr.4.13
, cf. D.Chr.31.123.

3 measure, tale (cf. infr. 11.1), θάλασσα.. μετρέεται ἐς τὸν αὐτὸν λ. ὁκοῖος πρόσθεν Heraclit.31
; ψυχῆς ἐστι λ. ἑαυτὸν αὔξων Id.115
; ἐς τούτου (sc. γήραος) λ. οὐ πολλοί τινες ἀπικνέονται to the point of old age, Hdt.3.99, cf.7.9.β; ὁ ξύμπας λ. the full tale, Th.7.56, cf. Ep.Phil.4.15; κοινῷ λ. νομίσαντα common measure, Pl.Lg. 746e; sum, total of expenditure, IG42(1).103.151 (Epid., iv B.C.); ὁ τῆς οὐσίας λ., = Lat. patrimonii modus, Cod.Just.1.5.12.20.

4 esteem, consideration, value put on a person or thing (cf. infr. VI. 2 d), οὗ πλείων λ. ἢ τῶν ἄλλων who is of more worth than all the rest, Heraclit.39; βροτῶν λ. οὐκ ἔσχεν οὐδέν' A.Pr. 233; οὐ σμικροῦ λ. S.OC 1163
: freq. in Hdt., Μαρδονίου λ. οὐδεὶς γίνεται 8.102
; τῶν ἦν ἐλάχιστος ἀπολλυμένων λ. 4.135
, cf. E.Fr.94; περὶ ἐμοῦ οὐδεὶς λ. Ar.Ra.87
; λόγου οὐδενὸς γίνεσθαι πρός τινος to be of no account, repute with.., Hdt.1.120, cf.4.138; λόγου ποιήσασθαί τινα make one of account, Id.1.33; ἐλαχίστου, πλείστου λ. εἶναι, to be highly, lowly esteemed, Id.1.143, 3.146; but also λόγον τινὸς ποιεῖσθαι, like Lat. rationem habere alicujus, make account of, set a value on, Democr.187, etc.: usu. in neg. statements, οὐδένα λ. ποιήσασθαί τινος Hdt.1.4
, cf. 13, Plb.21.14.9, etc.; λ. ἔχειν Hdt.1.62
, 115; λ. ἴσχειν περί τινος Pl.Ti. 87c
; λ. ἔχειν περὶ τοὺς ποιητάς Lycurg.107
; λ. ἔχειν τινός D.18.199
, Arist.EN 1102b32, Plu.Phil.18 (but also, have the reputation of.., v. infr. VI. 2 e); ἐν οὐδενὶ λ. ποιήσασθαί τι Hdt.3.50
; ἐν οὐδενὶ λ. ἀπώλοντο without regard, Id.9.70; ἐν σμικρῷ λ. εἶναι Pl.R. 550a
; ὑμεῖς οὔτ' ἐν λ. οὔτ' ἐν ἀριθμῷ Orac. ap. Sch.Theoc.14.48; ἐν ἀνδρῶν λ. [εἶναι] to be reckoned, count as a man, Hdt.3.120; ἐν ἰδιώτεω λόγῳ καὶ ἀτίμου reckoned as.., Eus.Mynd.Fr. 59; σεμνὸς εἰς ἀρετῆς λ. καὶ δόξης D.19.142
.

II relation, correspondence, proportion,

1 generally, ὑπερτερίης λ. relation (of gold to lead), Thgn.418 = 1164; πρὸς λόγον τοῦ σήματος A.Th. 519
; κατὰ λόγον προβαίνοντες τιμῶσι in inverse ratio, Hdt.1.134, cf. 7.36; κατὰ λ. τῆς ἀποφορῆς Id.2.109
; τἄλλα κατὰ λ. in like fashion, Hp.VM16, Prog.17: c. gen., κατὰ λ. τῶν πρόσθεν ib. 24; κατὰ λ. τῶν ἡμερῶν Ar. Nu. 619
; κατὰ λ. τῆς δυνάμεως X. Cyr.8.6.11
; ἐλάττω ἢ κατὰ λ. Arist. HA 508a2
, cf. PA 671a18; ἐκ ταύτης ἐγένετο ἐκείνη κατὰ λ. Id.Pol. 1257a31
; cf. εὔλογος: sts. with ὁ αὐτός added, κατὰ τὸν αὐτὸν λ. τῷ τείχεϊ in fashion like to.., Hdt.1.186; περὶ τῶν νόσων ὁ αὐτὸς λ. analogously, Pl.Tht. 158d, cf. Prm. 136b, al.; εἰς τὸν αὐτὸν λ. similarly, Id.R. 353d; κατὰ τὸν αὐτὸν λ. in the same ratio, IG12.76.8; by parity of reasoning, Pl.Cra. 393c, R. 610a, al.; ἀνὰ λόγον τινός, τινί, Id.Ti. 29c, Alc.2.145d; τοῦτον ἔχει τὸν λ. πρὸς.. ὃν ἡ παιδεία πρὸς τὴν ἀρετήν is related to.. as.., Procl.in Euc.p.20 F., al.

2 Math., ratio, proportion (ὁ κατ' ἀνάλογον λ., λ. τῆς ἀναλογίας, Theo Sm.p.73 H.), Pythag. 2; ἰσότης λόγων Arist.EN 113a31
; λ. ἐστὶ δύο μεγεθῶν ἡ κατὰ πηλικότητα ποιὰ σχέσις Euc.5
Def.3; τῶν ἁρμονιῶν τοὺς λ. Arist.Metaph. 985b32
, cf. 1092b14; λόγοι ἀριθμῶν numerical ratios, Aristox.Harm.p.32 M.; τοὺς φθόγγους ἀναγκαῖον ἐν ἀριθμοῦ λ. λέγεσθαι πρὸς ἀλλήλους to be expressed in numerical ratios, Euc.Sect.Can. Proëm.: in Metre, ratio between arsis and thesis, by which the rhythm is defined, Aristox.Harm.p.34 M.; ἐὰν ᾖ ἰσχυροτέρα τοῦ αἰσθητηρίου ἡ κίνησις, λύεται ὁ λ. Arist.de An. 424a31
; ἀνὰ λόγον analogically, Archyt.2; ἀνὰ λ. μερισθεῖσα [ἡ ψυχή] proportionally, Pl. Ti. 37a; so κατὰ λ. Men.319.6
; πρὸς λόγον in proportion, Plb.6.30.3, 9.15.3 (but πρὸς λόγον ἐπὶ στενὸν συνάγεται narrows uniformly, Sor. 1.9, cf. Diocl.Fr.171); ἐπὶ λόγον IG5(1).1428
([place name] Messene).

3 Gramm., analogy, rule, τῷ λ. τῶν μετοχικῶν, τῆς συγκοπῆς, by the rule of the participles, of syncope, Choerob. in Theod.1.75 Gaisf., 1.377 H.; εἰπέ μοι τὸν λ. τοῦ Αἴας Αἴαντος, τουτέστι τὸν κανόνα An.Ox. 4.328
.

III explanation,

1 plea, pretext, ground, ἐκ τίνος λ.; A.Ch. 515; ἐξ οὐδενὸς λ. S.Ph. 731
; ἀπὸ παντὸς λ. Id.OC 762
; χὠ λ. καλὸς προσῆν Id.Ph. 352
; σὺν ἀφανεῖ λ. Id.OT 657
(lyr., v.l. λόγων) ; ἐν ἀφανεῖ λ. Antipho 5.59
; ἐπὶ τοιούτῳ λ. Hdt.6.124
; κατὰ τίνα λ.; on what ground? Pl.R. 366b; οὐδὲ πρὸς ἕνα λ. to no purpose, Id.Prt. 343d; ἐπὶ τίνι λ.; for what reason? X.HG2.2.19; τὸν λ. τοῦτον this ground of complaint, Aeschin.3.228; τίνι δικαίῳ λ.; what just cause is there? Pl.Grg. 512c; τίνι λ.; on what account? Act.Ap.10.29; κατὰ λόγον ἂν ἠνεσχόμην ὑμῶν reason would that.., ib.18.14; λ. ἔχειν, with personal subject, εἶχον ἄν τινα λ. I (i.e. my conduct) would have admitted of an explanation, Pl.Ap. 31b; τὸν ὀρθὸν λ. the true explanation, ib. 34b.

b plea, case, in Law or argument (cf. VIII. I), τὸν ἥττω λ. κρείττω ποιεῖν to make the weaker case prevail, ib. 18b, al., Arist.Rh. 1402a24, cf. Ar.Nu. 1042 (pl.); personified, ib. 886, al.; ἀμύνεις τῷ τῆς ἡδονῆς λ. Pl.Phlb. 38a
; ἀνοίσεις τοὺς λ. αὐτῶν πρὸς τὸν θεόν LXXEx.18.19
; ἐχειν λ. πρός τινα to have a case, ground of action against.., Act.Ap.19.38.

2 statement of a theory, argument, οὐκ ἐμεῦ ἀλλὰ τοῦ λ. ἀκούσαντας prob. in Heraclit.50; λόγον ἠδὲ νόημα ἀμφὶς ἀληθείης discourse and reflection on reality, Parm.8.50; δηλοῖ οὗτος ὁ λ. ὅτι .. Democr.7; οὐκ ἔχει λόγον it is not arguable, i.e. reasonable, S.El. 466, Pl.Phd. 62d, etc.; ἔχει λ. D.44.32
; οὐδεὶς αὐτὰ καταβαλεῖ λ. E.Ba. 202
; δίκασον.. τὸν λ. ἀκούσας Pl.Lg. 696b
; personified, φησὶ οὗτος ὁ λ. ib. 714d, cf. Sph. 238b, Phlb. 50a; ὡς ὁ λ. (sc. λέγει) Arist.EN 1115b12; ὡς ὁ λ. ὁ ὀρθὸς λέγει ib. 1138b20, cf. 29; ὁ λ. θέλει προσβιβάζειν Phld.Rh.1.41
, cf.1.19 S.; οὐ γὰρ ἂν ἀκούσειε λόγου ἀποτρέποντος Arist.EN 1179b27
; λ. καθαίρων Aristo Stoic.1.88
; λόγου τυγχάνειν to be explained, Phld.Mus.p.77 K.; ὁ τὸν λ. μου ἀκούων my teaching, Ev.Jo.5.24; ὁ προφητικὸς λ., collect., of VT prophecy, 2 Ep.Pet.1.19: pl., ὁκόσων λόγους ἤκουσα Heraclit.108
; οὐκ ἐπίθετο τοῖς ἐμοῖς λ. Ar.Nu.73
; of arguments leading to a conclusion ([etym.] ὁ λ.), Pl. Cri. 46b; τὰ Ἀναξαγόρου βιβλία γέμει τούτων τῶν λ. Id.Ap. 26d
; λ. ἀπὸ τῶν ἀρχῶν, ἐπὶ τὰς ἀρχάς, Arist.EN 1095a31; συλλογισμός ἐστι λ. ἐν ᾧ τεθέντων τινῶν κτλ. Id.APr. 24b18; λ. ἀντίτυπός τε καὶ ἄπορος, of a self-contradictory theory, Plot.6.8.7.

b ὁ περὶ θεῶν λ., title of a discourse by Protagoras, D.L.9.54; ὁ Ἀχιλλεὺς λ., name of an argument, ib.23; ὁ αὐξόμενος λ. Plu.2.559b
; καταβάλλοντες (sc. λόγοι), title of work by Protagoras, S.E.M.7.60; λ. σοφιστικοί Arist.SE 165a34
, al.; οἱ μαθηματικοὶ λ. Id.Rh. 1417a19
, etc.; οἱ ἐξωτερικοὶ λ., current outside the Lyceum, Id.Ph. 217b31, al.; Δισσοὶ λ., title of a philosophical treatise (= Dialex.); Λ. καὶ Λογίνα, name of play of Epicharmus, quibble, argument, personified, Ath.8.338d.

c in Logic, proposition, whether as premiss or conclusion, πρότασίς ἐστι λ. καταφατικὸς ἢ ἀποφατικός τινος κατά τινος Arist.APr. 24a16
.

d rule, principle, law, as embodying the result of λογισμός, Pi.O.2.22, P.1.35, N.4.31; πείθεσθαι τῷ λ. ὃς ἄν μοι λογιζομένῳ βέλτιστος φαίνηται Pl.Cri. 46b
, cf. c; ἡδονὰς τοῖς ὀρθοῖς λ. ἑπομένας obeying right principles, Id.Lg. 696c; προαιρέσεως [ἀρχὴ] ὄρεξις καὶ λ. ὁ ἕνεκά τινος principle directed to an end, Arist.EN 1139a32; of the final cause, ἀρχὴ ὁ λ. ἔν τε τοῖς κατὰ τέχνην καὶ ἐν τοῖς φύσει συνεστηκόσιν Id.PA 639b15
; ἀποδιδόασι τοὺς λ. καὶ τὰς αἰτίας οὗ ποιοῦσι ἑκάστου ib.18; [τέχνη] ἕξις μετὰ λ. ἀληθοῦς ποιητική Id.EN 1140a10
; ὀρθὸς λ. true principle, right rule, ib. 1144b27, 1147b3, al.; κατὰ λόγον by rule, consistently, ὁ κατὰ λ. ζῶν Pl.Lg. 689d
, cf. Ti. 89d; τὸ κατὰ λ. ζῆν, opp. κατὰ πάθος, Arist.EN 1169a5; κατὰ λ. προχωρεῖν according to plan, Plb.1.20.3.

3 law, rule of conduct, ᾧ μάλιστα διηνεκῶς ὁμιλοῦσι λόγῳ Heraclit.72
; πολλοὶ λόγον μὴ μαθόντες ζῶσι κατὰ λόγον Democr.53
; δεῖ ὑπάρχειν τὸν λ. τὸν καθόλου τοῖς ἄρχουσιν universal principle, Arist.Pol. 1286a17; ὁ νόμος.. λ. ὢν ἀπό τινος φρονήσεως καὶ νοῦ Id.EN 1180a21
; ὁ νόμος.. ἔμψυχος ὢν ἑαυτῷ λ. conscience, Plu. 2.780c; τὸν λ. πρόχειρον ἔχειν precept, Phld.Piet.30, cf. 102; ὁ προστακτικὸς τῶν ποιητέων ἢ μὴ λ. κοινός M.Ant.4.4
.

4 thesis, hypothesis, provisional ground, ὡς ἂν εἰ λέγοι λόγον maintain a thesis, Pl. Prt. 344b; ὑποθέμενος ἑκάστοτε λ. provisionally assuming a proposition, Id.Phd. 100a; τὸν τῆς ὁμοιότητος λ. hypothesis of equivalence, Arist.Cael. 296a20.

5 reason, ground, πάντων γινομένων κατὰ τὸν λ. τόνδε Heraclit.1
; οὕτω βαθὺν λ. ἔχει Id.45
; ἐκ λόγου, opp. μάτην, Leucipp. 2; μέγιστον σημεῖον οὗτος ὁ λ. Meliss.8
; [ἐμπειρία] οὐκ ἔχει λ. οὐδένα ὧν προσφέρει has no grounds for.., Pl.Grg. 465a; μετὰ λόγου τε καὶ ἐπιστήμης θείας Id.Sph. 265c
; ἡ μετα λόγου ἀληθὴς δόξα ([etym.] ἐπιστήμη) Id.Tht. 201c; λόγον ζητοῦσιν ὧν οὐκ ἔστι λ. proof, Arist. Metaph. 1011a12; οἱ ἁπάντων ζητοῦντες λ. ἀναιροῦσι λ. Thphr.Metaph. 26
.

6 formula (wider than definition, but freq. equivalent thereto), term expressing reason, λ. τῆς πολιτείας Pl.R. 497c
; ψυχῆς οὐσία τε καὶ λ. essential definition, Id.Phdr. 245e; ὁ τοῦ δικαίου λ. Id.R. 343a
; τὸν λ. τῆς οὐσίας ib. 534b, cf. Phd. 78d; τὰς πολλὰς ἐπιστήμας ἑνὶ λ. προσειπεῖν Id.Tht. 148d
; ὁ τῆς οἰκοδομήσεως λ. ἔχει τὸν τῆς οἰκίας Arist. PA 646b3
; τεθείη ἂν ἴδιον ὄνομα καθ' ἕκαστον τῶν λ. Id.Metaph. 1006b5
, cf. 1035b4; πᾶς ὁρισμὸς λ. τίς ἐστι Id.Top. 102a5
; ἐπὶ τῶν σχημάτων λ. κοινός generic definition, Id.de An. 414b23; ἀκριβέστατος λ. specific definition, Id.Pol. 1276b24; πηγῆς λ. ἔχον Ph.2.477
; τὸ ᾠὸν οὔτε ἀρχῆς ἔχει λ. fulfils the function of.., Plu.2.637d; λ. τῆς μίξεως formula, i. e. ratio (cf. supr. II) of combination, Arist.PA 642a22, cf. Metaph. 993a17.

7 reason, law exhibited in the world-process, κατὰ λόγον by law, κόσμῳ πάντα καὶ κατὰ λ. ἔχοντα Pl.R. 500c
; κατ τὸν < αὐτὸν αὖ> λ. by the same law, Epich.170.18; ψυχῆς τὸ πᾶν τόδε διοικούσης κατὰ λ. Plot.2.3.13
; esp. in Stoic Philos., the divine order, τὸν τοῦ παντὸς λ. ὃν ἔνιοι εἱμαρμένην καλοῦσιν Zeno Stoic.1.24
; τὸ ποιοῦν τὸν ἐν [τῇ ὕλῃ] λ. τὸν θεόν ibid., cf. 42; ὁ τοῦ κόσμου λ. Chrysipp.Stoic.2.264
; λόγος, = φύσει νόμος, Stoic.2.169; κατὰ τὸν κοινὸν θεοῖς καὶ ἀνθρώποις λ. M.Ant.7.53
; ὁ ὀρθὸς λ. διὰ πάντων ἐρχόμενος Chrysipp.Stoic.3.4
: so in Plot., τὴν φύσιν εἶναι λόγον, ὃς ποιεῖ λ. ἄλλον γέννημα αὑτοῦ 3.8.2
.

b σπερματικὸς λ. generative principle in organisms, ὁ θεὸς σπ. λ. τοῦ κόσμου Zeno Stoic.1.28
: usu. in pl., Stoic. 2.205,314,al.; γίνεται τὰ ἐν τῷ παντὶ οὐ κατὰ σπερματικούς, ἀλλὰ κατὰ λ. περιληπτικούς Plot.3.1.7
, cf.4.4.39: so without σπερματικός, ὥσπερ τινὲς λ. τῶν μερῶν Cleanth.Stoic.1.111
; οἱ λ. τῶν ὅλων Ph.1.9
.

c in Neo-Platonic Philos., of regulative and formative forces, derived from the intelligible and operative in the sensible universe, ὄντων μειζόνων λ. καὶ θεωρούντων αὑτοὺς ἐγὼ γεγέννημαι Plot.3.8.4
; οἱ ἐν σπέρματι λ. πλάττουσι.. τὰ ζῷα οἷον μικρούς τινας κόσμους Id.4.3.10
, cf.3.2.16,3.5.7; opp. ὅρος, Id.6.7.4; ἀφανεῖς λ. τῆς φύσεως Procl.
in R.1.18 K.; τεχνικοὶ λ. ib.142 K., al.

IV inward debate of the soul (cf. λ. ὃν αὐτὴ πρὸς αὑτὴν ἡ ψυχὴ διεξέρχεται Pl.Tht. 189e
( διάλογος in Sph. 263e); ὁ ἐν τῇ ψυχῇ, ὁ ἔσω λ. (opp. ὁ ἔξω λ.), Arist.APo. 76b25, 27; ὁ ἐνδιάθετος, opp. ὁ προφορικὸς λ., Stoic.2.43, Ph.2.154),

1 thinking, reasoning, τοῦ λ. ἐόντος ξυνοῦ, opp. ἰδία φρόνησις, Heraclit. 2; κρῖναι δὲ λόγῳ.. ἔλεγχον test by reflection, Parm.1.36; reflection, deliberation (cf. VI.3), ἐδίδου λόγον ἑωυτῷ περὶ τῆς ὄψιος Hdt.1.209
, cf. 34, S.OT 583, D.45.7; μὴ εἰδέναι.. μήτε λόγῳ μήτε ἔργῳ neither by reasoning nor by experience, Anaxag.7; ἃ δὴ λόγῳ μὲν καὶ διανοίᾳ ληπτά, ὄψει δ' οὔ Pl.R. 529d
, cf. Prm. 135e; ὁ λ. ἢ ἡ αἴσθησις Arist.EN 1149a35
,al.; αὐτῷ μόνον τῷ λ. πιστεύειν (opp. αἰσθήσεις), of Parmenides and his school, Aristocl. ap. Eus.PE14.17: hence λόγῳ or τῷ λ. in idea, in thought, τῷ λ. τέμνειν Pl.R. 525e
; τῷ λ. δύο ἐστίν, ἀχώριστα πεφυκότα two in idea, though indistinguishable in fact, Arist. EN 1102a30, cf. GC 320b14, al.; λόγῳ θεωρητά mentally conceived, opp. sensibly perceived, Placit.1.3.5, cf. Demetr.Lac.Herc.1055.20; τοὺς λ. θεωρητοὺς χρόνους Epicur.Ep.1p.19U.
; διὰ λόγου θ. χ. ib.p.10 U.; λόγῳ καταληπτός Phld.Po.5.20
, etc.; ὁ λ. οὕτω αἱρέει analogy proves, Hdt.2.33; ὁ λ. or λ. αἱρέει reasoning convinces, Id.3.45,6.124, cf. Pl.Cri. 48c (but, our argument shows, Lg. 663d): also c. acc. pers., χρᾶται ὅ τι μιν λ. αἱρέει as the whim took him, Hdt.1.132; ἢν μὴ ἡμέας λ. αἱρῇ unless we see fit, Id.4.127, cf. Pl.R. 607b; later ὁ αἱρῶν λ. ordaining reason, Zeno Stoic.1.50, M.Ant.2.5, cf. 4.24, Arr.Epict. 2.2.20, etc.: coupled or contrasted with other functions, καθ' ὕπνον ἐπειδὴ λόγου καὶ φρονήσεως οὐ μετεῖχε since reason and understanding are in abeyance, Pl.Ti. 71d; μετὰ λόγου τε καὶ ἐπιστήμης, opp. αἰτία αὐτομάτη, of Nature's processes of production, Id.Sph. 265c; τὸ μὲν δὴ νοήσει μετὰ λόγου περιληπτόν embraced by thought with reflection, opp. μετ' αἰσθήσεως ἀλόγου, Id.Ti. 28a; τὸ μὲν ἀεὶ μετ' ἀληθοῦς λ., opp. τὸ δὲ ἄλογον, ib. 51e, cf. 70d, al.; λ. ἔχων ἑπόμενον τῷ νοεῖν Id.Phlb. 62a
; ἐπιστήμη ἐνοῦσα καὶ ὀρθὸς λ. scientific knowledge and right process of thought, Id.Phd. 73a; πᾶς λ. καὶ πᾶσα ἐπιστήμη τῶν καθόλου Arist.Metaph. 1059b26
; τὸ λόγον ἔχον Id.EN 1102b15
, 1138b9, al.: in sg. and pl., contrasted by Pl. and Arist. as theory, abstract reasoning with outward experience, sts. with depreciatory emphasis on the former, εἰς τοὺς λ. καταφυγόντα Pl.Phd. 99e
; τὸν ἐν λόγοις σκοπούμενον τὰ ὄντα, opp. τὸν ἐν ἔργοις (realities), ib. 100a; τῇ αἰσθήσει μᾶλλον τῶν λ. πιστευτέον Arist.GA 760b31
; γνωριμώτερα κατὰ τὸν λ., opp. κατὰ τὴν αἴσθησιν, Id.Ph. 189a4; ἐκ τῶν λ. δῆλον, opp. ἐκ τῆς ἐπαγωγῆς, Id.Mete. 378b20; ἡ τῶν λ. πίστις, opp. ἐκ τῶν ἔργων φανερόν, Id.Pol. 1326a29; ἡ πίστις οὐ μόνον ἐπὶ τῆς αἰσθήσεως ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐπὶ τοῦ λ. Id.Ph. 262a19
; μαρτυρεῖ τὰ γιγνόμενα τοῖς λ. Id.Pol. 1334a6
; ὁ μὲν λ. τοῦ καθόλου, ἡ δὲ αἴσθησις τοῦ κατὰ μέρος explanation, opp. perception, Id.Ph. 189a7; ἔσονται τοῖς λ. αἱ πράξεις ἀκόλουθοι theory, opp. practice, Epicur.Sent.25; in Logic, of discursive reasoning, opp. intuition, Arist.EN 1142a26, 1143b1; reasoning in general, ib. 1149a26; πᾶς λ. καὶ πᾶσα ἀπόδειξις all reasoning and demonstration, Id.Metaph. 1063b10; λ. καὶ φρόνησιν Phld.Mus.p.105
K.; ὁ λ. ἢ λογισμός ibid.; τὸ ἰδεῖν οὐκέτι λ., ἀλλὰ μεῖζον λόγου καὶ πρὸ λόγου, of mystical vision, opp. reasoning, Plot.6.9.10.—Phrases, κατὰ λ. τὸν εἰκότα by probable reasoning, Pl.Ti. 30b; οὔκουν τόν γ' εἰκότα λ. ἂν ἔχοι Id.Lg. 647d
; παρὰ λόγον, opp. κατὰ λ., Arist.Rh.Al. 1429a29, cf. EN 1167b19; cf. παράλογος (but παρὰ λ. unexpectedly, E.Ba. 940).

2 reason as a faculty, ὁ λ. ἀνθρώπους κυβερνᾷ [Epich.] 256; [θυμοειδὲς] τοῦ λ. κατήκοον Pl.Ti. 70a
; [θυμὸς] ὑπὸ τοῦ λ. ἀνακληθείς Id.R. 440d
; σύμμαχον τῷ λ. τὸν θυμόν ib. b; πειθαρχεῖ τῷ λ. τὸ τοῦ ἐγκρατοῦς Arist. EN 1102b26
; ἄλλο τι παρὰ τὸν λ. πεφυκός, ὃ μάχεται τῷ λ. ib.17; ἐναντίωσις λόγου πρὸς ἐπιθυμίας Plot.4.7.13(8)
; οὐ θυμός, οὐκ ἐπιθυμία, οὐδὲ λ. οὐδέ τις νόησις Id.6.9.11
: freq. in Stoic. Philos. of human Reason, opp. φαντασία, Zeno Stoic.1.39; opp. φύσις, Stoic.2.206; οὐ σοφία οὐδὲ λ. ἐστὶν ἐν [τοῖς ζῴοις] ibid.; τοῖς ἀλόγοις ζῴοις ὡς λ. ἔχων λ. μὴ ἔχουσι χρῶ M.Ant.6.23
; ὁ λ. κοινὸν πρὸς τοὺς θεούς Arr.Epict. 1.3.3
; οἷον [εἰκὼν] λ. ὁ ἐν προφορᾷ λόγου τοῦ ἐν ψυχῇ, οὕτω καὶ αὐτὴ λ. νοῦ Plot.5.1.3
; τὸ τὸν λ. σχεῖν τὴν οἰκείαν ἀρετήν (sc. εὐδαιμονίαν) Procl.in Ti.3.334 D.; also of the reason which pervades the universe, θεῖος λ. [Epich.] 257; τὸν θεῖον λ. καθ' Ἡράκλειτον δι' ἀναπνοῆς σπάσαντες νοεροὶ γινόμεθα S.E.M.7.129
(cf. infr. x).

b creative reason, ἀδύνατον ἦν λόγον μὴ οὐκ ἐπὶ πάντα ἐλθεῖν Plot.3.2.14
; ἀρχὴ οὖν λ. καὶ πάντα λ. καὶ τὰ γινόμενα κατ' αὐτόν Id.3.2.15
; οἱ λ. πάντες ψυχαί Id.3.2.18
.

V continuous statement, narrative (whether fact or fiction), oration, etc. (cf. λέγω (B) 11.2),

1 fable, Hdt.1.141; Αἰσώπου λόγοι Pl.Phd. 60d
, cf. Arist.Rh. 1393b8; ὁ τοῦ κυνὸς λ. X.Mem. 2.7.13
.

2 legend, ἱρὸς λ. Hdt.2.62
, cf. 47, Pi.P.3.80 (pl.); συνθέντες λ. E.Ba. 297
; λ. θεῖος Pl.Phd. 85d
; ἱεροὶ λ., of Orphic rhapsodies, Suid. S.V. Ὀρφεύς.

3 tale, story, ἄλλον ἔπειμι λ. Xenoph. 7.1
, cf. Th.1.97, etc.; συνθέτους λ. A.Pr. 686
; σπουδὴν λόγου urgent tidings, E.Ba. 663; ἄλλος λ. 'another story', Pl.Ap. 34e; ὁμολογούμενος ὁ λ. ἐστίν the story is consistent, Isoc.3.27: pl., histories, ἐν τοῖσι Ἀσσυρίοισι λ. Hdt.1.184
, cf. 106, 2.99; so in sg., a historical work, Id.2.123, 6.19,7.152: also in sg., one section of such a work (like later βίβλος), Id.2.38,6.39, cf. VI.3d; so in pl., ἐν τοῖσι Λιβυκοῖσι λ. Id.2.161
, cf. 1.75,5.22,7.93, 213; ἐν τῷ πρώτῳ τῶν λ. Id.5.36
; ὁ πρῶτος λ., of St. Luke's gospel, Act.Ap.1.1: in Pl., opp. μῦθος, as history to legend, Ti. 26e; ποιεῖν μύθους ἀλλ' οὐ λόγους Phd. 61b
, cf. Grg. 523a (but μῦθον λέγειν, opp. λόγῳ ( argument) διεξελθεῖν Prt. 320c
, cf. 324d); περὶ λόγων καὶ μύθων Arist.Pol. 1336a30
; ὁ λ... μῦθός ἐστι Ael.NA4.34
.

4 speech, delivered in court, assembly, etc., χρήσομαι τῇ τοῦ λ. τάξει ταύτῃ Aeschin.3.57
, cf. Arist.Rh. 1358a38; δικανικοὶ λ. Id.EN 1181a4
; τρία γένη τῶν λ. τῶν ῥητορικῶν, συμβουλευτικόν, δικανικόν, ἐπιδεικτικόν Id.Rh. 1358b7
; τῷ γράψαντι τὸν λ. Thphr. Char.17.8
, cf. λογογράφος 11
; ἐπιτάφιος λ. funeral oration, Pl.Mx. 236b; esp. of the body of a speech, opp. ἐπίλογος, Arist.Rh. 1420b3; opp. προοίμιον, ib. 1415a12; body of a law, opp. proem, Pl.Lg. 723b; spoken, opp. written word, τὸν τοῦ εἰδότος λ. ζῶντα καὶ ἔμψυχον οὗ ὁ γεγραμμένος εἴδωλόν τι Id.Phdr. 276a
; ὁ ἐκ τοῦ βιβλίου ῥηθεὶς [λ.] speech read from a roll, ib. 243c; published speech, D.C.40.54; rarely of the speeches in Tragedy ([etym.] ῥήσεις), Arist.Po. 1450b6,9.

VI verbal expression or utterance (cf. λέγω (B) 111), rarely a single word, v. infr. b, never in Gramm. signf. of vocable ([etym.] ἔπος, λέξις, ὄνομα, ῥῆμα), usu. of a phrase, cf. IX. 3 (the only sense found in [dialect] Ep.).

a pl., without Art., talk, τὸν ἔτερπε λόγοις Il.15.393
; αἱμύλιοι λ. Od.1.56
, h.Merc. 317, Hes.Th. 890, Op.78, 789, Thgn.704, A.R.3.1141; ψευδεῖς Λ., personified, Hes.Th. 229; ἀφροδίσιοι λ. Semon.7.91
; ἀγανοῖσι λ. Pi.P. 4.101
; ὄψον δὲ λ. φθονεροῖσιν tales, Id.N.8.21; σμικροὶ λ. brief words, S.Aj. 1268 (s.v.l.), El. 415; δόκησις ἀγνὼς λόγων bred of talk, Id.OT 681 (lyr.): also in sg., λέγ' εἴ σοι τῷ λ. τις ἡδονή speak if thou delightest in talking, Id.El. 891.

b sg., expression, phrase, πρὶν εἰπεῖν ἐσθλὸν ἢ κακὸν λ. Id.Ant. 1245
, cf. E.Hipp. 514; μυρίας ὡς εἰπεῖν λόγῳ Hdt.2.37
; μακρὸς λ. rigmarole, Simon.189, Arist.Metaph. 1091a8; λ. ἠρέμα λεχθεὶς διέθηκε τὸ πόρρω a whispered message, Plot.4.9.3; ἑνὶ λόγῳ to sum up, in brief phrase, Pl.Phdr. 241e, Phd. 65d; concisely, Arist. EN 1103b21 (but also, = ἁπλῶς, περὶ πάντων ἑνὶ λ. Id.GC 325a1): pl., λ. θελκτήριοι magic words, E.Hipp. 478; rarely of single words, λ. εὐσύνθετος οἷον τὸ χρονοτριβεῖν Arist.Rh. 1406a36
; οὐκ ἀπεκρίθη αὐτῇ λ. answered her not a word, Ev.Matt.15.23.

c coupled or contrasted with words expressed or understood signifying act, fact, truth, etc., mostly in a depreciatory sense, λ. ἔργου σκιή Democr. 145
; ὥσπερ μικρὸν παῖδα λόγοις μ' ἀπατᾷς Thgn.254
; λόγῳ, opp. ἔργῳ, Democr.82, etc.; νηπίοισι οὐ λ. ἀλλὰ ξυμφορὴ διδάσκαλος Id.76
; ἔργῳ κοὐ λόγῳ τεκμαίρομαι A.Pr. 338
, cf. S.El.59, OC 782; λόγῳ μὲν λέγουσι.. ἔργῳ δὲ οὐκ ἀποδεικνῦσι Hdt.4.8
; οὐ λόγων, φασίν, ἡ ἀγορὴ δεῖται, χαλκῶν δέ Herod.7.49
; οὔτε λ. οὔτε ἔργῳ Lys.9.14
; λόγοις, opp. ψήφῳ, Aeschin.2.33; opp. νόῳ, Hdt.2.100; οὐ λόγῳ μαθών E.Heracl.5
; ἐκ λόγων, κούφου πράγματος Pl.Lg. 935a
; λόγοισι εἰς τὸ πιθανὸν περιπεπεμμένα ib. 886e, cf. Luc.Anach.19; ἵνα μὴ λ. οἴησθε εἶναι, ἀλλ' εἰδῆτε τὴν ἀλήθειαν Lycurg.23
, cf. D.30.34; opp. πρᾶγμα, Arist.Top. 146a4; opp. βία, Id.EN 1179b29, cf. 1180a5; opp. ὄντα, Pl.Phd. 100a; opp. γνῶσις, 2 Ep.Cor.11.6; λόγῳ in pretence, Hdt.1.205, Pl.R. 361b, 376d, Ti. 27a, al.; λόγου ἕνεκα merely as a matter of words, ἄλλως ἕνεκα λ. ἐλέγετο Id.Cri. 46d
; λόγου χάριν, opp. ὡς ἀληθῶς, Arist.Pol. 1280b8; but also, let us say, for instance, Id.EN 1144a33, Plb.10.46.4, Phld. Sign.29, M.Ant.4.32; λόγου ἕνεκα let us suppose, Pl.Tht. 191c; ἕως λόγου, μέχρι λ., = Lat. verbo tenus, Plb.10.24.7, Epict.Ench.16: sts. without depreciatory force, the antithesis or parallelism being verbal (cf. 'word and deed'), λόγῳ τε καὶ σθένει S.OC68
; ἔν τε ἔργῳ καὶ λ. Pl.R. 382e
, cf. D.S.13.101, Ev.Luc.24.19, Act.Ap.7.22, Paus.2.16.2; ὅσα μὲν λόγῳ εἶπον, opp. τὰ ἔργα τῶν πραχθέντων, Th. 1.22.

2 common talk, report, tradition, ὡς λ. ἐν θνητοῖσιν ἔην Batr. 8
; λ. ἐκ πατέρων Alc.71
; οὐκ ἔστ' ἔτυμος λ. οὗτος Stesich.32
; διξὸς λέγεται λ. Hdt.3.32
; λ. ὑπ' Αἰγυπτίων λεγόμενος Id.2.47
; νέον [λ.] tidings, S.Ant. 1289 (lyr.); τὰ μὲν αὐτοὶ ὡρῶμεν, τὰ δὲ λόγοισι ἐπυνθανόμεθα by hearsay, Hdt.2.148: also in pl., ἐν γράμμασιν λόγοι κείμενοι traditions, Pl.Lg. 886b.

b rumour, ἐπὶ παντὶ λ. ἐπτοῆσθαι Heraclit. 87
; αὐδάεις λ. voice of rumour, B.14.44; περὶ θεῶν διῆλθεν ὁ λ. ὅτι .. Th.6.46; λ. παρεῖχεν ὡς .. Plb.3.89.3; ἐξῆλθεν ὁ λ. οὗτος εῖς τινας ὅτι .. Ev.Jo.21.23, cf. Act.Ap.11.22; fiction, Ev.Matt.28.15.

c mention, notice, description, οὐκ ὕει λόγου ἄξιον οὐδέν worth mentioning, Hdt.4.28, cf. Plb.1.24.8, etc.; ἔργα λόγου μέζω beyond expression, Hdt.2.35; κρεῖσσον λόγου τὸ εἶδος τῆς νόσου beyond description, Th. 2.50; μείζω ἔργα ἢ ὡς τῷ λ. τις ἂν εἴποι D.6.11
.

d the talk one occasions, repute, mostly in good sense, good report, praise, honour (cf. supr. 1.4), πολλὰ φέρειν εἴωθε λ... πταίσματα Thgn.1221
; λ. ἐσλὸν ἀκοῦσαι Pi.I.5(4).13
; πλέονα.. λ. Ὀδυσσέος ἢ πάθαν Id.N.7.21
; ἵνα λ. σε ἔχῃ πρὸς ἀνθρώπων ἀγαθός Hdt.7.5
, cf. 9.78; Τροίαν.. ἧς ἁπανταχοῦ λ. whose fame, story fills the world, E.IT 517; οὐκ ἂν ἦν λ. σέθεν Id.Med. 541
: less freq. in bad sense, evil report, λ. κακόθρους, κακός, S. Aj. 138 (anap.), E.Heracl. 165: pl., λόγους ψιθύρους πλάσσων slanders, S.Aj. 148 (anap.).

e λ. ἐστί, ἔχει, κατέχει, the story goes, c. acc. et inf., ἔστ τις λ. τὰν Ἀρετὰν ναίειν Simon.58.1
, cf. S.El. 417; λ. μὲν ἔστ' ἀρχαῖος ὡς .. Id.Tr.1; λ. alone, E.Heracl.35; ὡς λ. A.Supp. 230
, Pl. Phlb. 65c, etc.; λ. ἐστί Hdt.7.129
,9.26, al.; λ. αἰὲν ἔχει S.OC 1573
(lyr.); ὅσον ὁ λ. κατέχει tradition prevails, Th.1.10: also with a personal subject in the reverse construction. Κλεισθένης λ. ἔχει τὴν Πυθίην ἀναπεῖσαι has the credit of.., Hdt.5.66, cf. Pl.Epin. 987b, 988b; λ. ἔχοντα σοφίας Ep.Col.2.23
, v.supr.1.4.

3 discussion, debate, deliberation, πολλὸς ἦν ἐν τοῖσι λ. Hdt.8.59
; συνελέχθησαν οἱ Μῆδοι ἐς τὠυτὸ καὶ ἐδίδοσαν σφίσι λόγον, λέγοντες περὶ τῶν κατηκόντων Id.1.97
; οἱ Πελασγοὶ ἑωυτοῖσι λόγους ἐδίδοσαν Id.6.138
; πολέμῳ μᾶλλον ἢ λόγοις τὰ ἐγκλήματα διαλύεσθαι Th.1.140
; οἱ περὶ τῆς εἰρήνης λ. Aeschin.2.74
; τοῖς ἔξωθεν λ. πεπλήρωκε τὸν λ. [Plato] has filled his dialogue with extraneous discussions, Arist.Pol. 1264b39; τὸ μῆκος τῶν λ. D.Chr.7.131
; μεταβαίνων ὁ λ. εἰς ταὐτὸν ἀφῖκται our debate, Arist.EN 1097a24; ὁ παρὼν λ. ib. 1104a11; θεῶν ὧν νῦν ὁ λ. ἐστί discussion, Pl.Ap. 26b, cf. Tht. 184a, M.Ant.8.32; τῷ λ. διελθεῖν, διϊέναι, Pl.Prt. 329c, Grg. 506a, etc.; τὸν λ. διεξελθεῖν conduct the debate, Id.Lg. 893a; ξυνελθεῖν ἐς λόγον confer, Ar.Eq. 1300: freq. in pl., ἐς λόγους συνελθόντες parley, Hdt. 1.82; ἐς λ. ἐλθεῖν τινι have speech with, ib.86; ἐς λ. ἀπικέσθαι τινί Id.2.32
; διὰ λόγων ἰέναι E.Tr. 916
; ἐμαυτῇ διὰ λ. ἀφικόμην Id.Med. 872
; ἐς λ. ἄγειν τινά X.HG4.1.2
; κοινωνεῖν λόγων καὶ διανοίας Arist.EN 1170b12
.

b right of discussion or speech, ἢ 'πὶ τῷ πλήθει λ.; S.OC 66; λ. αἰτήσασθαι ask leave to speak, Th.3.53; λ. διδόναι X.HG5.2.20
; οὐ προυτέθη σφίσιν λ. κατὰ τὸν νόμον ib.1.7.5; λόγου τυχεῖν D.18.13
, cf. Arist.EN 1095b21, Plb.18.52.1; οἱ λόγου τοὺς δούλους ἀποστεροῦντες Arist.Pol. 1260b5
; δοῦλος πέφυκας, οὐ μέτεστί σοι λόγου Trag.Adesp.304
; διδόντας λ. καὶ δεχομένους ἐν τῷ μέρει Luc.Pisc.8
: hence, time allowed for a speech, ἐν τῷ ἐμῷ λ. And.1.26
,al.; ἐν τῷ ἑαυτοῦ λ. Pl.Ap. 34a
; οὐκ ἐλάττω λ. ἀνήλωκε D.18.9
.

c dialogue, as a form of philosophical debate, ἵνα μὴ μαχώμεθα ἐν τοῖς λ. ἐγώ τε καὶ σύ Pl. Cra. 430d
; πρὸς ἀλλήλους τοὺς λ. ποιεῖσθαι Id.Prt. 348a
: hence, dialogue as a form of literature, οἱ Σωκρατικοὶ λ. Arist.Po. 1447b11
, Rh. 1417a20; cf. διάλογος.

d section, division of a dialogue or treatise (cf. v. 3), ὁ πρῶτος λ. Pl.Prm. 127d
; ὁ πρόσθεν, ὁ παρελθὼν λ., Id.Phlb. 18e, 19b; ἐν τοῖς πρώτοις λ. Arist.PA 682a3
; ἐν τοῖς περὶ κινήσεως λ. in the discussion of motion (i. e. Ph.bk.8), Id.GC 318a4; ἐν τῷ περὶ ἐπαίνου λ. Phld.Rh.1.219
; branch, department, division of a system of philosophy, τὴν φρόνησιν ἐκ τριῶν συνεστηκέναι λ., τῶν φυσικῶν καὶ τῶν ἠθικῶν καὶ τῶν λογικῶν Chrysipp.Stoic.2.258
.

e in pl., literature, letters, Pl.Ax. 365b, Epin. 975d, D.H.Comp.1,21 (but, also in pl., treatises, Plu.2.16c); οἱ ἐπὶ λόγοις εὐδοκιμώτατοι Hdn.6.1.4
; Λόγοι, personified, AP9.171 (Pall.).

VII a particular utterance, saying:

1 divine utterance, oracle, Pi.P.4.59; λ. μαντικοί Pl. Phdr. 275b
; οὐ γὰρ ἐμὸν ἐρῶ τὸν λ. Pl.Ap. 20e
; ὁ λ. τοῦ θεοῦ Apoc.1.2
,9.

2 proverb, maxim, saying, Pi.N.9.6, A.Th. 218; ὧδ' ἔχει λ. ib. 225; τόνδ' ἐκαίνισεν λ. ὡς .. Critias 21, cf. Pl.R. 330a, Ev.Jo.4.37; ὁ παλαιὸς λ. Pl.Phdr. 240c
, cf. Smp. 195b, Grg. 499c, Lg. 757a, 1 Ep.Ti.1.15, Plu.2.1082e, Luc.Alex.9, etc.; τὸ τοῦ λόγου δὴ τοῦτο Herod.2.45
, cf. D.Chr.66.24, Luc.JTr.3, Alciphr.3.56, etc.: pl., Arist.EN 1147a21.

3 assertion, opp. oath, S.OC 651; ψιλῷ λ. bare word, opp. μαρτυρία, D.27.54.

4 express resolution, κοινῷ λ. by common consent, Hdt.1.141,al.; ἐπὶ λ. τοιῷδε, ἐπ' ᾧ τε .. on the following terms, Id.7.158, cf. 9.26; ἐνδέξασθαι τὸν λ. Id.1.60
, cf. 9.5; λ. ἔχοντες πλεονέκτην a greedy proposal, Id.7.158: freq. in pl., terms, conditions, Id.9.33, etc.

5 word of command, behest, A.Pr.17,40 (both pl.), Pers. 363; ἀνθρώπους πιθανωτέρους ποιεῖν λόγῳ X.Oec.13.9
; ἐξέβαλε τὰ πνεύματα λόγῳ Ev.Matt.8.16
; οἱ δέκα λ. the ten Commandments, LXX Ex.34.28, Ph.1.496.

VIII thing spoken of, subject-matter (cf. 111.1 b and 2), λ. τοῦτον ἐάσομεν Thgn.1055
; προπεπυσμένος πάντα λ. the whole matter, Hdt.1.21, cf. 111; τὸν ἐόντα λ. the truth of the matter, ib.95, 116; μετασχεῖν τοῦ λ. to be in the secret, ib. 127; μηδενὶ ἄλλῳ τὸν λ. τοῦτον εῐπῃς Id.8.65
; τίς ἦν λ.; S.OT 684 ( = πρᾶγμα, 699); περί τινος λ. διελεγόμεθα subject, question, Pl.Prt. 314c; [τὸ προοίμιον] δεῖγμα τοῦ λ. case, Arist.Rh. 1415a12, cf. 111.1b; τέλος δὲ παντὸς τοῦ λ. ψηφίζονται the end of the matter was that.., Aeschin.3.124; οὐκ ἔστεξε τὸν λ. Plb.8.12.5
; οὐκ ἔστι σοι μερὶς οὐδὲ κλῆρος ἐν τῷ λ. τούτῳ Act.Ap.8.21
; ἱκανὸς αὐτῷ ὁ λ. Pl.Grg. 512c
; οὐχ ὑπολείπει [Γοργίαν] ὁ λ. matter for talk, Arist.Rh. 1418a35; μηδένα λ. ὑπολιπεῖν Isoc.4.146
; πρὸς λόγον to the point, apposite, οὐδὲν πρὸς λ. Pl.Phlb. 42e
, cf. Prt. 344a; ἐὰν πρὸς λ. τι ᾖ Id.Phlb. 33c
; also πρὸς λόγου Id.Grg. 459c
(s. v.l.).

2 plot of a narrative or dramatic poem, = μῦθος, Arist.Po. 1455b17, al.

b in Art, subject of a painting, ζωγραφίας λόγοι Philostr.VA 6.10
; λ. τῆς γραφῆς Id.Im.1.25
.

3 thing talked of, event, μετὰ τοὺς λ. τούτους LXX 1 Ma.7.33
, cf. Act.Ap.15.6.

IX expression, utterance, speech regarded formally, τὸ ἀπὸ [ψυχῆς] ῥεῦμα διὰ τοῦ στόματος ἰὸν μετὰ φθόγγου λ., opp. διάνοια, Pl.Sph. 263e; intelligent utterance, opp. φωνή, Arist.Pol. 1253a14; λ. ἐστὶ φωνὴ σημαντικὴ κατὰ συνθήκην Id.Int. 16b26
, cf. Diog.Bab.Stoic.3.213; ὅθεν (from the heart) ὁ λ. ἀναπέμπεται Stoic.2.228
, cf. 244; Protagoras was nicknamed λόγος, Hsch. ap. Sch.Pl.R. 600c, Suid.; λόγου πειθοῖ Democr.181
: in pl., eloquence, Isoc.3.3,9.11; τὴν ἐν λόγοις εὐρυθμίαν Epicur.Sent.Pal.5p.69
v. d. M.; λ. ἀκριβής precise language, Ar.Nu. 130 (pl.), cf. Arist.Rh. 1418b1; τοῦ μὴ ᾀδομένου λ. Pl.R. 398d
; ἡδυσμένος λ., of rhythmical language set to music, Arist.Po. 1449b25; ἐν παντὶ λ. in all manner of utterance, 1 Ep.Cor.1.5; ἐν λόγοις in orations, Arist.Po. 1459a13; λ. γελοῖοι, ἀσχήμονες, ludicrous, improper speech, Id.SE 182b15, Pol. 1336b14.

2 of various modes of expression, esp. artistic and literary, ἔν τε ᾠδαῖς καὶ μύθοις καὶ λόγοις Pl.Lg. 664a
; ἐν λόγῳ καὶ ἐν ᾠδαῖς X.Cyr.1.4.25
, cf. Pl.Lg. 835b; prose, opp. ποίησις, Id.R. 390a; opp. ψιλομετρία, Arist.Po. 1448a11; opp. ἔμμετρα, ib. 1450b15 (pl.); τῷ λ. τοῦτο τῶν μέτρων (sc. τὸ ἰαμβεῖον) ὁμοιότατον εἶναι Id.Rh. 1404a31
; in full, ψιλοὶ λ. prose, ib. b33 (but ψιλοὶ λ., = arguments without diagrams, Pl.Tht. 165a); λ. πεζοί, opp. ποιητική, D.H.Comp.6; opp. ποιήματα, ib.15; κοινὰ καὶ ποιημάτων καὶ λόγων Phld.Po.5.7
; πεζὸς λ. ib.27, al.

b of the constituents of lyric or dramatic poetry, words, τὸ μέλος ἐκ τριῶν.. λόγου τε καὶ ἁρμονίας καὶ ῥυθμοῦ Pl.R. 398d
; opp. πρᾶξις, Arist.Po. 1454a18; dramatic dialogue, opp. τὰ τοῦ χοροῦ, ib. 1449a17.

3 Gramm., phrase, complex term, opp. ὄνομα, Id.SE 165a13; λ. ὀνοματώδης noun- phrase, Id.APo. 93b30, cf. Rh. 1407b27; expression, D.H.Th.2, Demetr.Eloc.92.

b sentence, complete statement, "ἄνθρωπος μανθάνει λόγον εἶναί φῃς.. ἐλάχιστόν τε καὶ πρῶτον Pl.Sph. 262c
; λ. αὐτοτελής A.D.Synt.3.6
, D.T.634.1; ῥηθῆναι λόγῳ to be expressed in a sentence, Pl.Tht. 202b; λ. ἔχειν to be capable of being so expressed, ib. 201e, cf. Arist.Rh. 1404b26.

c language, τὰ τοῦ λ. μέρη parts of speech, Chrysipp.Stoic.2.31, S.E.M.9.350, etc.; τὰ μόρια τοῦ λ. D.H.Comp.6
; μέρος λ. D.T.633.26
, A.D.Pron.4.6, al. (but ἓν μέρος <τοῦ cod.> λόγου one word, Id.Synt.340.10, cf. 334.22); περὶ τῶν στοιχείων τοῦ λ., title of work by Chrysippus.

X the Word or Wisdom of God, personified as his agent in creation and world-government, ὁ παντοδύναμός σου λ. LXX Wi.18.15
; ὁ ἐκ νοὸς φωτεινὸς λ. υἱὸς θεοῦ Corp.Herm.1.6
, cf. Plu.2.376c; λ. θεοῦ δι' οὗ κατεσκευάσθη [ὁ κόσμος] Ph.1.162; τῆς τοῦ θεοῦ σοφίας· ἡ δέ ἐστιν ὁ θεοῦ λ. ib.56; λ. θεῖος.. εἰκὼν θεοῦ ib. 561, cf. 501; τὸν τομέα τῶν συμπάντων [θεοῦ] λ. ib. 492; τὸν ἄγγελον ὅς ἐστι λ. ib. 122: in NT identified with the person of Christ, ἐν ἀρχῇ ἦν ὁ λ. Ev.Jo.1.1
, cf. 14, 1 Ep.Jo.2.7, Apoc.19.13; ὁ λ. τῆς ζωῆς 1 Ep.Jo.1.1
.

Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > λόγος
8 plato

m.

1 plate, dish.

lavar los platos to wash the dishes, to do the washing-up (British)

pagar los platos rotos (figurative) to carry the can

parece que no ha roto un plato en su vida (figurative) he looks as if butter wouldn't melt in his mouth

plato hondo o sopero soup dish o plate

plato llano plate

plato de postre dessert plate

2 course (parte de una comida).

primer plato first course, starter

de primer plato for starters

segundo plato second course, main course

plato fuerte main course; (en una comida) main part (figurative)

su actuación es el plato fuerte de la noche her performance is the night's main event

plato principal main course

3 dish (food).

plato combinado = single-course meal which usually consists of meat or fish accompanied by chips and vegetables

plato del día dish of the day

plato precocinado pre-cooked meal

plato preparado ready-made meal

plato típico typical dish

4 turntable.

5 chain wheel.

6 clay pigeon (sport).

7 film set.

* * *

plato

► nombre masculino

1 (recipiente) plate, dish

2 COCINA dish

■ hace unos platos buenísimos he's a wonderful cook

3 (en comida) course

■ de primer plato hay sopa y de segundo pescado we've got soup for starters and fish for the main course

4 (de una balanza) pan

5 (de un tocadiscos) turntable

\

FRASEOLOGÍA

fregar/lavar los platos to do the dishes, do the washing-up

pagar los platos rotos familiar to take the blame, carry the can

tener cara de no haber roto un plato (en la vida) familiar to look as if butter wouldn't melt in one's mouth

plato combinado single-course meal with different things together on one plate

plato de postre dessert plate

plato fuerte (de una comida) main course 2 (de un acto) main attraction 3 (de un espectáculo) star attraction

plato hondo soup plate, soup dish

plato llano dinner plate

plato sopero soup plate, soup dish

* * *

noun m.

1) dish

2) plate

3) course

* * *

SM

1) (=recipiente) [para comer] plate; [de balanza] pan

fregar los platos — to wash o do the dishes, wash up

- pagar los platos rotos

- estar en el plato y en la tajada

- del plato a la boca se pierde la sopa

plato de postre — dessert plate

plato frutero — fruit dish

plato hondo — soup dish, soup plate

plato llano — dinner plate

plato sopero — soup dish, soup plate

2) (=contenido del plato) plate, plateful

un plato de arroz — a plate o plateful of rice

- vender algo por un plato de lentejas

3) (Culin) [en menú] course; (=guiso) dish

un menú de tres platos — a three-course meal

es un plato típico español — it's a typical Spanish dish

es mi plato favorito — it's my favourite dish

- no es plato de mi gusto

- comen del mismo plato

- ser plato de segunda mesa

plato central — Ven main course

plato combinado — set main course, meat or fish etc served with vegetable accompaniment as one dish

plato de fondo — main course

plato dulce — sweet course

plato fuerte — (=comida principal) main course; (=abundante) big meal; (=tema principal) main topic, central theme; (=punto fuerte) strong point

plato precocinado — pre-cooked meal

plato preparado — ready-to-serve meal

plato principal — main course

4) [de tocadiscos] turntable

plato giradiscos, plato giratorio — turntable

5)

plato de (la) ducha — shower tray

6) (Téc) plate

7) (Dep)

tiro al plato — clay pigeon shooting

8) Cono Sur
*
es un plato — (=guapo) he's a dish *, he's very dishy *

¡qué plato! — (=divertido) what a laugh!

* * *

masculino

1)

a) ( utensilio) plate

lavar or fregar los platos — to wash o do the dishes

no haber roto un plato — (fam)

tiene cara de no haber roto un plato en su vida — she looks as if butter wouldn't melt in her mouth (colloq)

pagar los platos rotos — to pay the consequences

b) ( para taza) tb

platito — saucer

- plato de postre

- plato hondo or sopero

- plato llano or playo or bajo or extendido

2) ( contenido) plate, plateful

me comí dos platos — I had two helpings o platefuls

3)

a) ( receta) dish

plato típico — typical dish

no es plato de gusto — it's no fun (colloq)

b) ( en una comida) course

una comida de cuatro platos — a four-course meal

¿qué hay de segundo plato? — what's for (the) main course?

- plato central

- plato combinado

- plato del día

- plato fuerte

4)

a) ( de balanza) (scale) pan

b) ( de tocadiscos) turntable

c) (Dep) clay pigeon

d) ( en béisbol) home plate

5) (AmS fam) (situación, persona divertida) scream (colloq)

* * *

masculino

1)

a) ( utensilio) plate

lavar or fregar los platos — to wash o do the dishes

no haber roto un plato — (fam)

tiene cara de no haber roto un plato en su vida — she looks as if butter wouldn't melt in her mouth (colloq)

pagar los platos rotos — to pay the consequences

b) ( para taza) tb

platito — saucer

- plato de postre

- plato hondo or sopero

- plato llano or playo or bajo or extendido

2) ( contenido) plate, plateful

me comí dos platos — I had two helpings o platefuls

3)

a) ( receta) dish

plato típico — typical dish

no es plato de gusto — it's no fun (colloq)

b) ( en una comida) course

una comida de cuatro platos — a four-course meal

¿qué hay de segundo plato? — what's for (the) main course?

- plato central

- plato combinado

- plato del día

- plato fuerte

4)

a) ( de balanza) (scale) pan

b) ( de tocadiscos) turntable

c) (Dep) clay pigeon

d) ( en béisbol) home plate

5) (AmS fam) (situación, persona divertida) scream (colloq)

* * *

plato¹

¹ = dish [dishes, -pl.], plate, platter.

Ex: She put the dishes in the sink, locked the balcony door, found her purse, and sallied forth.

Ex: To make it even easier on you, we will provide plates, forks, napkins, cups and even candles for your party.

Ex: Hard drives typically have several platters which are mounted on the same spindle.

* carro de los platos sucios = dirty-dish cart.

* Comida + de dos platos = two course + Comida.

* comida de dos platos y postre = three-course meal.

* comida de tres platos = three-course meal.

* fregar los platos = do + the washing-up.

* lavado de platos = dishwashing.

* lavar los platos = wash + dishes, washing up, do + the washing-up.

* pagar los platos rotos = carry + the can, pick up + the pieces.

* plato bandeja = charger.

* plato de cristal = glass plate.

* plato de papel = paper plate.

* plato de plástico = picnic plate.

* plato de un solo uso = disposable plate.

* plato de usar y tirar = disposable plate.

* plato fuerte = main dish, strong point, entrée, main entrée.

* plato principal = entrée, main entrée.

* platos precocinados = baked goods.

* primer plato = side entrée.

* primer y segundo plato = main dish.

* recoger los platos rotos = pick up + the pieces, sort out + the mess.

* reunión en la que cada persona trae un plato para compartir = potluck.

* sacar los pies del plato = break out of + the box.

* segundo plato = a little something on the side, entrée, main entrée.

plato²

² = chainring, clay pigeon.

Ex: If you're sitting on your bike, the shifter on your left controls shifting over the chainrings.

Ex: This voucher permits you to shoot at 60 clay pigeons, with cartridges and hearing protection under the supervision of your clay pigeon shooting instructor.

* plato de presión del embrague = pressure plate.

* tiro al plato = clay pigeon shooting.

* * *

plato

masculine

A

1 (utensilio) plate

fregar or lavar los platos to wash o do the dishes, to wash up ( BrE), to do the washing up ( BrE)

comer en el mismo plato ( fam); to get on like a house on fire ( colloq);

( fam pey) to be as thick as thieves ( colloq)

nada entre dos platos nothing much

¿qué pasó al final? — nada entre dos platos what happened in the end? — nothing dramatic o nothing much

no haber roto un plato ( fam): tiene cara de no haber roto un plato en su vida she looks as if butter wouldn't melt in her mouth ( colloq)

pagar los platos rotos to pay the consequences, to take the rap ( AmE colloq), to carry the can ( BrE colloq)

2 (para una taza) tb

platito saucer

Compuestos:

● plato bajo

( Chi) dinner plate, plate

● plato de postre

dessert plate

● plato extendido

( Méx) dinner plate, plate

● plato hondo

soup dish

● plato llano or liso

dinner plate, plate

● plato plano

( Méx) dinner plate, plate

● plato playo

( RPI) dinner plate, plate

● plato sopero

soup dish

B (contenido) plate, plateful

estaba delicioso, yo comí dos platos it was delicious, I had two helpings o platefuls

C

1 (receta) dish

un plato de arroz/pescado a rice/fish dish

es su plato favorito it's his favorite dish

es el plato típico de esa región it is the typical dish of that region

no es plato de gusto it's no fun ( colloq), it's not much fun

2 (en una comida) course

una comida de cuatro platos a four-course meal

¿qué hay de segundo plato? what's for (the) main course?

ser plato de segunda mesa ( fam); to play second fiddle ( colloq)

no me gusta ser plato de segunda mesa I don't like being treated as second best o playing second fiddle

Compuestos:

● plato central

( Ven) main course

● plato combinado

( Esp) meal served on one plate, eg burger, eggs and fries

● plato de fondo

( AmL); main course, main dish

● plato del día

dish of the day

● plato fuerte

( Coc) main course, main dish ; (de un espectáculo) pièce de résistance

el plato fuerte del día fue la conferencia del doctor Tercedor the main attraction o the high point of the day was the talk by doctor Tercedor

D

1 (de una balanza) scale pan, pan

2 (de un tocadiscos) turntable

3 ( Dep) clay pigeon

4 (de la ducha) base, tray

5 (en béisbol) home plate

E ( AmS fam) (situación, persona divertida) scream ( colloq)

¡qué plato! what a scream o hoot o laugh! ( colloq)

es un plato she's a scream o a riot

F ( Chi) (de una cocina eléctrica — espiral) burner ( AmE), ring ( BrE); (— placa) hotplate

* * *

Multiple Entries:
plato
plató
plato sustantivo masculino
1
a) ( utensilio) plate;

lavar or fregar los platós to wash o do the dishes;
◊ plató de postre dessert plate;

plató hondo or sopero soup dish;
plató llano or (RPl) playo or (Chi) bajo or (Méx) extendido (dinner) plate
b) ( para taza) tb

◊ platito saucer

2 ( contenido) plate, plateful
3
a) ( receta) dish;

◊ plató típico typical dish

b) ( en una comida) course;

◊ plató central (Ven) main course;

plató combinado (Esp) meal served on one plate, eg burger, eggs and fries;
plató del día dish of the day;
plató fuerte or principal (Coc) main course
4
a) ( de balanza) (scale) pan

b) ( de tocadiscos) turntable

c) (Dep) clay pigeon

d) ( en béisbol) home plate

plató sustantivo masculino
set
plato sustantivo masculino
1 (pieza de vajilla) plate, dish
plato de postre, dessert plate
plato sopero, soup dish
2 (contenido) plateful, dish
3 (parte de una comida) course
primer plato, starter, first course
4 (receta) dish
5 (de balanza) pan, tray
6 (de tocadiscos) turntable
♦ Locuciones: no ser plato de gusto, to be no fun
pagar los platos rotos, to pay the consequences
plato fuerte, Cul main course o dish
(de un espectáculo) el plato fuerte de la noche fue el número de la contorsionista, the main attraction of the evening was the contortionist's number
plató m Cine TV set
' plató' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
cubierta
- cubierto
- fuente
- grabar
- herniarse
- honda
- hondo
- mella
- plato
- repetir
- servirse
- sopera
- sopero
- Tiro
- alguno
- alimenticio
- apetitoso
- árabe
- brocheta
- crema
- criollo
- curry
- desconchado
- desconcharse
- enchilar
- estrellar
- inclinar
- llenar
- minuta
- mirar
- mole
- orilla
- pedir
- platillo
- preparar
- quebrar
- quemar
- romper
- roto
- salado
- típico
- tiro
- tornamesa
English:
back
- course
- deck
- dish
- exit
- film set
- grill
- highlight
- hurl
- main
- menu
- ovenproof
- plate
- polish off
- rind
- set
- shallow
- soup bowl
- soup plate
- turntable
- baked beans
- dash
- dinner
- haggis
- hash
- heap
- hot
- rush
- starter
- turn
- wash

* * *

plato nm

1. [recipiente] plate, dish;

lavar los platos to wash the dishes, Br to do the washing-up;

estaba el mar como un plato the sea was like a millpond;

Comp
Fam
comer en el mismo plato to be great friends;

Comp
Fam
nada entre dos platos nothing special;

Comp
Fam
pagar los platos rotos to carry the can;

Comp
Fam
parece que no ha roto un plato en su vida he looks as if butter wouldn't melt in his mouth

Comp
plato hondo soup dish o plate;
plato llano plate;
Méx, RP plato playo plate;
plato de postre dessert plate;

plato sopero soup dish o plate

2. [parte de una comida] course;

primer plato first course, Br starter, US appetizer;

de primer plato Br for starters, US as an appetizer;

segundo plato second course, main course;

Comp
Fam
ser plato de segunda mano o [m5] mesa [ser despreciado] to be a second-class citizen;
[haber perdido la virginidad] to be spoiled goods
Comp
plato combinado = single-course meal which usually consists of meat or fish accompanied by French fries and sometimes vegetables; Chile plato de fondo main course;
plato fuerte [en una comida] main course;
Fig main part;
su actuación es el plato fuerte de la noche her performance is the night's main event;

plato principal main course

3. [comida] dish;

mi plato favorito my favourite meal

Comp
plato del día dish of the day;
plato precocinado pre-cooked meal;

plato preparado ready-made meal;

plato típico typical dish;

plato único single-course meal

4. [de tocadiscos, microondas] turntable

5. [de bicicleta] chain wheel

6. [de balanza] pan, scale

7. Dep clay-pigeon

8. Comp
Am Fam
ser un plato to be a scream;

¡qué plato! how hilarious!

* * *

plato

m

1 recipiente plate;

parece no haber roto un plato en su vida she looks as though butter wouldn’t melt in her mouth;

pagar los platos rotos fam carry the can fam

2 GASTR dish

3 Méx: en béisbol home plate

* * *

plato nm

1) : plate, dish

lavar los platos: to do the dishes

2) : serving, helping

3) : course (of a meal)

4) : dish

plato típico: typical dish

5) : home plate (in baseball)

6)

plato hondo : soup bowl

plató nm

: set (in the movies)

* * *

plato n

1. (recipiente) plate

sirvió la verdura en los platos she served the vegetables onto the plates

2. (guiso) dish

la paella es mi plato preferido paella is my favourite dish

3. (parte de la comida) course

comió pescado de segundo plato he had fish as his main course

plato hondo soup dish

Spanish-English dictionary > plato
9 plató

m.

1 plate, dish.

lavar los platos to wash the dishes, to do the washing-up (British)

pagar los platos rotos (figurative) to carry the can

parece que no ha roto un plato en su vida (figurative) he looks as if butter wouldn't melt in his mouth

plato hondo o sopero soup dish o plate

plato llano plate

plato de postre dessert plate

2 course (parte de una comida).

primer plato first course, starter

de primer plato for starters

segundo plato second course, main course

plato fuerte main course; (en una comida) main part (figurative)

su actuación es el plato fuerte de la noche her performance is the night's main event

plato principal main course

3 dish (food).

plato combinado = single-course meal which usually consists of meat or fish accompanied by chips and vegetables

plato del día dish of the day

plato precocinado pre-cooked meal

plato preparado ready-made meal

plato típico typical dish

4 turntable.

5 chain wheel.

6 clay pigeon (sport).

7 film set.

* * *

plato

► nombre masculino

1 (recipiente) plate, dish

2 COCINA dish

■ hace unos platos buenísimos he's a wonderful cook

3 (en comida) course

■ de primer plato hay sopa y de segundo pescado we've got soup for starters and fish for the main course

4 (de una balanza) pan

5 (de un tocadiscos) turntable

\

FRASEOLOGÍA

fregar/lavar los platos to do the dishes, do the washing-up

pagar los platos rotos familiar to take the blame, carry the can

tener cara de no haber roto un plato (en la vida) familiar to look as if butter wouldn't melt in one's mouth

plato combinado single-course meal with different things together on one plate

plato de postre dessert plate

plato fuerte (de una comida) main course 2 (de un acto) main attraction 3 (de un espectáculo) star attraction

plato hondo soup plate, soup dish

plato llano dinner plate

plato sopero soup plate, soup dish

* * *

noun m.

1) dish

2) plate

3) course

* * *

SM

1) (=recipiente) [para comer] plate; [de balanza] pan

fregar los platos — to wash o do the dishes, wash up

- pagar los platos rotos

- estar en el plato y en la tajada

- del plato a la boca se pierde la sopa

plato de postre — dessert plate

plato frutero — fruit dish

plato hondo — soup dish, soup plate

plato llano — dinner plate

plato sopero — soup dish, soup plate

2) (=contenido del plato) plate, plateful

un plato de arroz — a plate o plateful of rice

- vender algo por un plato de lentejas

3) (Culin) [en menú] course; (=guiso) dish

un menú de tres platos — a three-course meal

es un plato típico español — it's a typical Spanish dish

es mi plato favorito — it's my favourite dish

- no es plato de mi gusto

- comen del mismo plato

- ser plato de segunda mesa

plato central — Ven main course

plato combinado — set main course, meat or fish etc served with vegetable accompaniment as one dish

plato de fondo — main course

plato dulce — sweet course

plato fuerte — (=comida principal) main course; (=abundante) big meal; (=tema principal) main topic, central theme; (=punto fuerte) strong point

plato precocinado — pre-cooked meal

plato preparado — ready-to-serve meal

plato principal — main course

4) [de tocadiscos] turntable

plato giradiscos, plato giratorio — turntable

5)

plato de (la) ducha — shower tray

6) (Téc) plate

7) (Dep)

tiro al plato — clay pigeon shooting

8) Cono Sur
*
es un plato — (=guapo) he's a dish *, he's very dishy *

¡qué plato! — (=divertido) what a laugh!

* * *

masculino set

* * *

masculino

1)

a) ( utensilio) plate

lavar or fregar los platos — to wash o do the dishes

no haber roto un plato — (fam)

tiene cara de no haber roto un plato en su vida — she looks as if butter wouldn't melt in her mouth (colloq)

pagar los platos rotos — to pay the consequences

b) ( para taza) tb

platito — saucer

- plato de postre

- plato hondo or sopero

- plato llano or playo or bajo or extendido

2) ( contenido) plate, plateful

me comí dos platos — I had two helpings o platefuls

3)

a) ( receta) dish

plato típico — typical dish

no es plato de gusto — it's no fun (colloq)

b) ( en una comida) course

una comida de cuatro platos — a four-course meal

¿qué hay de segundo plato? — what's for (the) main course?

- plato central

- plato combinado

- plato del día

- plato fuerte

4)

a) ( de balanza) (scale) pan

b) ( de tocadiscos) turntable

c) (Dep) clay pigeon

d) ( en béisbol) home plate

5) (AmS fam) (situación, persona divertida) scream (colloq)

* * *

plato¹

¹ = dish [dishes, -pl.], plate, platter.

Ex: She put the dishes in the sink, locked the balcony door, found her purse, and sallied forth.

Ex: To make it even easier on you, we will provide plates, forks, napkins, cups and even candles for your party.

Ex: Hard drives typically have several platters which are mounted on the same spindle.

* carro de los platos sucios = dirty-dish cart.

* Comida + de dos platos = two course + Comida.

* comida de dos platos y postre = three-course meal.

* comida de tres platos = three-course meal.

* fregar los platos = do + the washing-up.

* lavado de platos = dishwashing.

* lavar los platos = wash + dishes, washing up, do + the washing-up.

* pagar los platos rotos = carry + the can, pick up + the pieces.

* plato bandeja = charger.

* plato de cristal = glass plate.

* plato de papel = paper plate.

* plato de plástico = picnic plate.

* plato de un solo uso = disposable plate.

* plato de usar y tirar = disposable plate.

* plato fuerte = main dish, strong point, entrée, main entrée.

* plato principal = entrée, main entrée.

* platos precocinados = baked goods.

* primer plato = side entrée.

* primer y segundo plato = main dish.

* recoger los platos rotos = pick up + the pieces, sort out + the mess.

* reunión en la que cada persona trae un plato para compartir = potluck.

* sacar los pies del plato = break out of + the box.

* segundo plato = a little something on the side, entrée, main entrée.

plato²

² = chainring, clay pigeon.

Ex: If you're sitting on your bike, the shifter on your left controls shifting over the chainrings.

Ex: This voucher permits you to shoot at 60 clay pigeons, with cartridges and hearing protection under the supervision of your clay pigeon shooting instructor.

* plato de presión del embrague = pressure plate.

* tiro al plato = clay pigeon shooting.

* * *

plato

masculine

A

1 (utensilio) plate

fregar or lavar los platos to wash o do the dishes, to wash up ( BrE), to do the washing up ( BrE)

comer en el mismo plato ( fam); to get on like a house on fire ( colloq);

( fam pey) to be as thick as thieves ( colloq)

nada entre dos platos nothing much

¿qué pasó al final? — nada entre dos platos what happened in the end? — nothing dramatic o nothing much

no haber roto un plato ( fam): tiene cara de no haber roto un plato en su vida she looks as if butter wouldn't melt in her mouth ( colloq)

pagar los platos rotos to pay the consequences, to take the rap ( AmE colloq), to carry the can ( BrE colloq)

2 (para una taza) tb

platito saucer

Compuestos:

● plato bajo

( Chi) dinner plate, plate

● plato de postre

dessert plate

● plato extendido

( Méx) dinner plate, plate

● plato hondo

soup dish

● plato llano or liso

dinner plate, plate

● plato plano

( Méx) dinner plate, plate

● plato playo

( RPI) dinner plate, plate

● plato sopero

soup dish

B (contenido) plate, plateful

estaba delicioso, yo comí dos platos it was delicious, I had two helpings o platefuls

C

1 (receta) dish

un plato de arroz/pescado a rice/fish dish

es su plato favorito it's his favorite dish

es el plato típico de esa región it is the typical dish of that region

no es plato de gusto it's no fun ( colloq), it's not much fun

2 (en una comida) course

una comida de cuatro platos a four-course meal

¿qué hay de segundo plato? what's for (the) main course?

ser plato de segunda mesa ( fam); to play second fiddle ( colloq)

no me gusta ser plato de segunda mesa I don't like being treated as second best o playing second fiddle

Compuestos:

● plato central

( Ven) main course

● plato combinado

( Esp) meal served on one plate, eg burger, eggs and fries

● plato de fondo

( AmL); main course, main dish

● plato del día

dish of the day

● plato fuerte

( Coc) main course, main dish ; (de un espectáculo) pièce de résistance

el plato fuerte del día fue la conferencia del doctor Tercedor the main attraction o the high point of the day was the talk by doctor Tercedor

D

1 (de una balanza) scale pan, pan

2 (de un tocadiscos) turntable

3 ( Dep) clay pigeon

4 (de la ducha) base, tray

5 (en béisbol) home plate

E ( AmS fam) (situación, persona divertida) scream ( colloq)

¡qué plato! what a scream o hoot o laugh! ( colloq)

es un plato she's a scream o a riot

F ( Chi) (de una cocina eléctrica — espiral) burner ( AmE), ring ( BrE); (— placa) hotplate

* * *

Multiple Entries:
plato
plató
plato sustantivo masculino
1
a) ( utensilio) plate;

lavar or fregar los platós to wash o do the dishes;
◊ plató de postre dessert plate;

plató hondo or sopero soup dish;
plató llano or (RPl) playo or (Chi) bajo or (Méx) extendido (dinner) plate
b) ( para taza) tb

◊ platito saucer

2 ( contenido) plate, plateful
3
a) ( receta) dish;

◊ plató típico typical dish

b) ( en una comida) course;

◊ plató central (Ven) main course;

plató combinado (Esp) meal served on one plate, eg burger, eggs and fries;
plató del día dish of the day;
plató fuerte or principal (Coc) main course
4
a) ( de balanza) (scale) pan

b) ( de tocadiscos) turntable

c) (Dep) clay pigeon

d) ( en béisbol) home plate

plató sustantivo masculino
set
plato sustantivo masculino
1 (pieza de vajilla) plate, dish
plato de postre, dessert plate
plato sopero, soup dish
2 (contenido) plateful, dish
3 (parte de una comida) course
primer plato, starter, first course
4 (receta) dish
5 (de balanza) pan, tray
6 (de tocadiscos) turntable
♦ Locuciones: no ser plato de gusto, to be no fun
pagar los platos rotos, to pay the consequences
plato fuerte, Cul main course o dish
(de un espectáculo) el plato fuerte de la noche fue el número de la contorsionista, the main attraction of the evening was the contortionist's number
plató m Cine TV set
' plató' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
cubierta
- cubierto
- fuente
- grabar
- herniarse
- honda
- hondo
- mella
- plato
- repetir
- servirse
- sopera
- sopero
- Tiro
- alguno
- alimenticio
- apetitoso
- árabe
- brocheta
- crema
- criollo
- curry
- desconchado
- desconcharse
- enchilar
- estrellar
- inclinar
- llenar
- minuta
- mirar
- mole
- orilla
- pedir
- platillo
- preparar
- quebrar
- quemar
- romper
- roto
- salado
- típico
- tiro
- tornamesa
English:
back
- course
- deck
- dish
- exit
- film set
- grill
- highlight
- hurl
- main
- menu
- ovenproof
- plate
- polish off
- rind
- set
- shallow
- soup bowl
- soup plate
- turntable
- baked beans
- dash
- dinner
- haggis
- hash
- heap
- hot
- rush
- starter
- turn
- wash

* * *

plato nm

1. [recipiente] plate, dish;

lavar los platos to wash the dishes, Br to do the washing-up;

estaba el mar como un plato the sea was like a millpond;

Comp
Fam
comer en el mismo plato to be great friends;

Comp
Fam
nada entre dos platos nothing special;

Comp
Fam
pagar los platos rotos to carry the can;

Comp
Fam
parece que no ha roto un plato en su vida he looks as if butter wouldn't melt in his mouth

Comp
plato hondo soup dish o plate;
plato llano plate;
Méx, RP plato playo plate;
plato de postre dessert plate;

plato sopero soup dish o plate

2. [parte de una comida] course;

primer plato first course, Br starter, US appetizer;

de primer plato Br for starters, US as an appetizer;

segundo plato second course, main course;

Comp
Fam
ser plato de segunda mano o [m5] mesa [ser despreciado] to be a second-class citizen;
[haber perdido la virginidad] to be spoiled goods
Comp
plato combinado = single-course meal which usually consists of meat or fish accompanied by French fries and sometimes vegetables; Chile plato de fondo main course;
plato fuerte [en una comida] main course;
Fig main part;
su actuación es el plato fuerte de la noche her performance is the night's main event;

plato principal main course

3. [comida] dish;

mi plato favorito my favourite meal

Comp
plato del día dish of the day;
plato precocinado pre-cooked meal;

plato preparado ready-made meal;

plato típico typical dish;

plato único single-course meal

4. [de tocadiscos, microondas] turntable

5. [de bicicleta] chain wheel

6. [de balanza] pan, scale

7. Dep clay-pigeon

8. Comp
Am Fam
ser un plato to be a scream;

¡qué plato! how hilarious!

* * *

plato

m

1 recipiente plate;

parece no haber roto un plato en su vida she looks as though butter wouldn’t melt in her mouth;

pagar los platos rotos fam carry the can fam

2 GASTR dish

3 Méx: en béisbol home plate

* * *

plato nm

1) : plate, dish

lavar los platos: to do the dishes

2) : serving, helping

3) : course (of a meal)

4) : dish

plato típico: typical dish

5) : home plate (in baseball)

6)

plato hondo : soup bowl

plató nm

: set (in the movies)

* * *

plato n

1. (recipiente) plate

sirvió la verdura en los platos she served the vegetables onto the plates

2. (guiso) dish

la paella es mi plato preferido paella is my favourite dish

3. (parte de la comida) course

comió pescado de segundo plato he had fish as his main course

plato hondo soup dish

Spanish-English dictionary > plató
10 Höhepunkt

m

1. highest point; (Zenith) zenith; einer Kurve: vertex (Pl. vertices oder vertexes)

2. fig. des Glücks, einer Karriere, der Macht etc.: height, peak; der Spannung, einer Geschichte, auch sexuell: climax; (Orgasmus) auch orgasm; eines Festes etc.: auch highlight; einer Entwicklung etc.: summit, peak; (entscheidende Phase) critical stage; einer Epoche, Kultur etc.: heyday; auf dem Höhepunkt (+ Gen) at the height of; seinen Höhepunkt erreichen culminate (in + Dat in), climax (in); Verkaufszahlen etc.: peak, reach its ( oder their) peak; Krankheit: reach a crisis; den Höhepunkt überschritten haben have passed its peak; einen Höhepunkt haben sexuell: climax, have an orgasm

* * *

der Höhepunkt

apogee; meridian; highlight; acme; orgasm; zenith; height; climax; heyday

* * *
Hö|he|punkt
m
highest point; (von Abend, Tag, Leben) high point, high spot; (von Veranstaltung) high spot, highlight; (von Karriere, des Ruhms, der Macht) pinnacle, peak, height; (des Glücks etc) height, peak; (von Entwicklung) peak, summit, apex; (von Kurve) vertex; (eines Stücks, = Orgasmus) climax
auf den Hö́hepunkt bringen — to bring to a climax

den Hö́hepunkt erreichen — to reach a or its/one's climax; (Krankheit) to reach or come to a crisis

den Hö́hepunkt überschreiten — to pass the peak

* * *

der

1) (the highest point: the acme of perfection.) acme

2) (the highest point; the most dramatic moment: the climax of the novel.) climax

3) culmination

4) (at a level of great excitement: The crowd's excitement was at fever pitch as they waited for the filmstar to appear.) at fever pitch

5) (the highest, greatest, strongest etc point: He is at the height of his career; The storm was at its height.) height

6) (the time when a particular person or thing had great importance and popularity: The 1950's were the heyday of rock and roll.) heyday

7) (the best or most memorable event, experience, part of something etc: The highlight of our holiday was a trip to a brewery.) highlight

8) (the most successful or spectacular performance or item (in a show etc): The acrobats were the star turn of the evening.) star turn

* * *

Hö·he·punkt

m

1. (bedeutendster Teil) high point; einer Veranstaltung highlight

2. (Gipfel) height, peak

auf dem \Höhepunkt seiner Karriere at the height of one's career

der \Höhepunkt seiner Macht the peak of one's power

den/seinen \Höhepunkt erreichen/überschreiten to reach/pass the/its critical stage

bald hatte die Krise ihren \Höhepunkt erreicht the crisis had soon reached its climax; (Zenith) zenith

3. (Orgasmus) climax

jdn zum \Höhepunkt bringen to bring sb to a climax

zum \Höhepunkt kommen to reach a climax

* * *

der high point; (einer Veranstaltung) high spot; highlight; (einer Laufbahn, des Ruhms) peak; pinnacle; (einer Krankheit) crisis; critical point; (einer Krise) turning point; (der Macht) summit; pinnacle; (des Glücks) height; (Orgasmus; eines Stückes) climax

auf dem Höhepunkt seiner Laufbahn stehen — be at the peak of one's career

* * *

Höhepunkt m

1. highest point; (Zenith) zenith; einer Kurve: vertex (pl vertices oder vertexes)

2. fig des Glücks, einer Karriere, der Macht etc: height, peak; der Spannung, einer Geschichte, auch sexuell: climax; (Orgasmus) auch orgasm; eines Festes etc: auch highlight; einer Entwicklung etc: summit, peak; (entscheidende Phase) critical stage; einer Epoche, Kultur etc: heyday;

auf dem Höhepunkt (+gen) at the height of;

seinen Höhepunkt erreichen culminate (

in +dat in), climax (in); Verkaufszahlen etc: peak, reach its ( oder their) peak; Krankheit: reach a crisis;

den Höhepunkt überschritten haben have passed its peak;

einen Höhepunkt haben sexuell: climax, have an orgasm

* * *

der high point; (einer Veranstaltung) high spot; highlight; (einer Laufbahn, des Ruhms) peak; pinnacle; (einer Krankheit) crisis; critical point; (einer Krise) turning point; (der Macht) summit; pinnacle; (des Glücks) height; (Orgasmus; eines Stückes) climax

auf dem Höhepunkt seiner Laufbahn stehen — be at the peak of one's career

* * *

m.

acme n.

apogee n.

climax n.

height n.

heyday n.

highlight n.

Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > Höhepunkt
11 decaer

v.

1 to decline.

¡que no decaiga! don't lose heart!

su belleza no ha decaído con los años her beauty has not faded with the years

La intensidad decae con el tiempo Intensity wanes in time.

2 to decay, to fall into decline.

El entusiasmo decayó desde el evento Enthusiasm decayed since the event.

3 to be losing.

Nos decayó el juego We were losing the game.

4 to decrease, to dwindle.

Me decayó el negocio My business decreased.

* * *

decaer

Conjugation model [ CAER], like link=caer caer

► verbo intransitivo

1 (perder fuerzas) to weaken; (- entusiasmo, interés) to flag; (- salud) to go down, deteriorate, decay; (- belleza etc) to lose

■ su interés está decayendo his interest is flagging

■ Elena ha decaído en belleza Elena has lost her beauty

2 (imperio, costumbre) to decay

3 (fiebre) to go down

4 (negocio) to fall off, decline

5 (ánimo) to lose heart

■ su ánimo no decae she doesn't lose heart

* * *

verb

1) to decline, decay

2) weaken

* * *

VI

1) [imperio, país] to decline

desde que cerraron la fábrica el pueblo ha decaído — since they closed the factory the town has gone downhill

2) (=disminuir) [entusiasmo, interés] to wane, fade (away); [esperanzas] to fade

su ánimo decayó tras la muerte de su padre — he lost heart after his father's death

¡ánimo, que no decaiga! — bear up, don't lose heart!

¡que no decaiga la fiesta! — come on, let's keep the party going!

3) (=empeorar) [salud] to fail, decline; [enfermo] to deteriorate, fail

4) (Com) [demanda] to fall off; [calidad] to decline, fall off

5)

decaer en algo: ha decaído en belleza — her beauty has faded

su fuerza dramática decae en intensidad al final — its dramatic force declines in intensity at the end

6) (Náut) to drift, drift off course

* * *

verbo intransitivo

a) ánimo/fuerzas to flag; interés/popularidad to wane

b) barrio/restaurante to go downhill; calidad/prestigio to decline

c) imperio/civilización to decay, decline

d) enfermo to deteriorate

* * *

= lapse, flag, ebb.

Ex. The first weeks are vital, and after that the shop must be constantly on the lookout for ways of stimulating further interest and re-awakening those who lapse.

Ex. But more mature readers can be expected to go on reading for full sessions without flagging, a point that most children should reach by ten years old.

Ex. Subsequently, library development stalled as cultural interaction ebbed from classical levels.

----

* interés + decaer = interest + flag.

* * *

verbo intransitivo

a) ánimo/fuerzas to flag; interés/popularidad to wane

b) barrio/restaurante to go downhill; calidad/prestigio to decline

c) imperio/civilización to decay, decline

d) enfermo to deteriorate

* * *

= lapse, flag, ebb.

Ex: The first weeks are vital, and after that the shop must be constantly on the lookout for ways of stimulating further interest and re-awakening those who lapse.

Ex: But more mature readers can be expected to go on reading for full sessions without flagging, a point that most children should reach by ten years old.

Ex: Subsequently, library development stalled as cultural interaction ebbed from classical levels.

* interés + decaer = interest + flag.

* * *

decaer [ E16 ]

vi

1 «ánimo/fuerzas» to flag; «interés/popularidad» to wane, fall off, diminish

¡que no decaiga! keep it up!

el ritmo de trabajo ha decaído considerablemente the work rate has fallen off o declined considerably

2 «barrio/restaurante» to go downhill; «calidad/popularidad» to decline

el prestigio de la compañía ha decaído mucho the company's prestige has declined o waned considerably

3 «imperio/civilización» to decay, decline

4 «enfermo» to deteriorate

* * *

decaer ( conjugate decaer) verbo intransitivo
a) [ánimo/fuerzas] to flag;

[ enfermo] to deteriorate;
[interés/popularidad] to wane
b) [barrio/restaurante] to go downhill;

[calidad/prestigio] to decline
c) [imperio/civilización] to decay, decline

decaer verbo intransitivo
1 (la energía, la salud, etc) to deteriorate
2 (en fuerza, intensidad) to decline: la minería ha decaído mucho en la última década, the mining industry has been in decline for the last ten years
' decaer' also found in these entries:
English:
decline
- fall off
- flag
- lapse
- sag
- slip
- slump
- wane
- decay
- decrease
- droop
- ebb
- fade
- fall
- falter
- rot
- sink
- slacken
- subside
- taper

* * *

decaer vi

1. [debilitarse] to decline;
[actividad, ritmo, trabajo] to fall off, to slacken; [entusiasmo, ánimos, energías] to flag; [interés, fama] to decline, to wane;
su belleza no ha decaído con los años her beauty has not faded with age;

¡que no decaiga! don't lose heart!

2. [imperio, sociedad] to decline;
[empresa, establecimiento, zona] to go downhill;
la fiesta fue decayendo the party gradually fizzled out

3. [enfermo] to get weaker;
[salud] to fail
* * *

decaer

<part decaido> v/i tb fig

decline; de rendimiento fall off, decline; de salud deteriorate

* * *

decaer {13} vi

1) : to decline, to decay, to deteriorate

2) flaquear: to weaken, to flag

Spanish-English dictionary > decaer
12 राम _rāma

राम a. [रम् कर्तरि घञ् ण वा]

1 Pleasing, delighting, rejoicing,

-2 Beautiful, lovely, charming.

-3 Obscure; dark-coloured, black.

-4 White.

-मः 1 N. of three celebrated personages; (a) Paraśurāma, son of Jama- dagni; (b) Balarāma, son of Vasudeva and brother of Kṛiṣṇa, q.q.v.v.; (c) Rāmachandra or Sītārāma, son of Daśaratha and Kausalyā and the hero of the Rāmāyaṇa; (the word is thus derived in Purāṇas:-- राशब्दो विश्ववचनो मश्चापीश्वरवाचकः । विश्वाधीनेश्वरो यो हि तेन रामः प्रकीर्तितः ॥) cf. also राकारोच्चारमात्रेण मुखान्निर्याति पातकम् । पुनः प्रवेशशङ्कायां मकारो$स्ति कपाटवत् ॥ [When quite a boy, he with his brother was taken by Viśvāmitra, with the permission of Daśaratha, to his hermitage to protect his sacrifices from the demons that obstructed them. Rāma killed them all with perfect ease, and received from the sage several miraculous missiles as a reward. He then accompanied Viśvāmitra to the capital of Janaka where he married Sītā having performed the wonderful feat of bending Siva's bow, and then return- ed to Ayodhyā. Daśaratha, seeing that Rāma was growing fitter and fitter to rule the kingdom, resolved to install him as heir-apparent. But, on the eve of the day of coronation, his favourite wife Kaikeyī, at the instigation of her wicked nurse Mantharā, asked him to fulfil the two boons he had formerly promised to her, by one of which she demanded the exile of Rāma for fourteen years and by the other the installation of her own son Bharata as Yuvarāja. The king was terribly shocked, and tried his best to dissuade her from her wicked demands, but was at last obliged to yield. The dutiful son immediately prapared to go into exile accom- panied by his beautiful young wife Sītā and his devoted brother Lakṣmana. The period of his exile was event- ful, and the two brothers killed several powerful demons and at last roused the jealousy of Rāvaṇa himself. The wicked demon resolved to try Rāma by carrying off his beauteous wife for whom he had conceived an ar- dent passion, and accomplished his purpose being assisted by Mārīcha. After several fruitless inquiries as to her whereabouts, Hanumat ascertained that she was in Laṅkā and persuaded Rāma to invade the island and kill the ravisher. The monkeys built a bridge across the ocean over which Rāma with his numerous troops passed, conquered Laṅkā, and killed Rāvaṇa along with his whole host of demons. Rāma, attended by his wife and friends in battle, triumphant- ly returned to Ayodhyā where he was crowned king by Vasiṣṭha. He reigned long and righteously and was succeeded by his son Kuśa. Rāma is said to be the seventh incarnation of Viṣṇu; cf. Jayadeva:-- वितरसि दिक्षु रणे दिक्पतिकमनीयं दशमुखमौलिबलिं रमणीयम् । केशव धृतरघुपति- रूप जय जगदीश हरे Gīt.1.].

-2 A kind of deer.

-3 N. of Aruṇa.

-4 A lover; cf. Śi.4.59.

-5 A horse.

-6 Pleasure, joy.

-मम् 1 Darkness.

-2 Leprosy (कृष्ठम्).

-3 A tamāla leaf.

-Comp. -अनुजः N. of a celebrated reformer, founder of a Vedāntic sect and author of several works. He was a Vaiṣṇava.

-अयनम् (-णम्) 1 the adventures of Rāma.

-2 N. of a celebrated epic by Vālmīki which contains about 24 verses in seven Kāṇḍas or books.

-ईश्वरः N. of a sacred place of pilgrimage.

-काण्डः a species of cane.

-किल्बिषम् an offence against Rāma.

-कृत् (in music) N. of a Rāga.

-क्री N. of a Rāga.

-गिरिः N. of a mountain; (चक्रे) स्निग्धच्छाया- तरुषु वसतिं रामगिर्याश्रमेषु Me.1.

-चन्द्रः, -भद्रः N. of Rāma, son of Daśaratha.

-जन्मन् n. the birth or birth-day of Rāma.

-तापन, -तापनी, -तापनीय उपनिषद् N. of a well-known उपनिषद् (belonging to the अथर्ववेद).

-दूतः 1 N. of Hanumat.

-2 a monkey. (

-ती) a kind of basil.

-नवमी the ninth day in the bright half of Chaitra, the anniversary of the birth of Rāma.

-पूगः a kind of betel-nut tree.

-लीला N. of a dramatic performance, on the story of Rāma.

-वल्लभः the birch-tree. (

-भम्) cinnamon.

-शरः a kind of sugar cane.

-सखः N. of Sugrīva.

-सेतुः the bridge of Rāma', a bridge of sand between the Indian peninsula and Ceylon, now called Adam's bridge.

Sanskrit-English dictionary > राम _rāma
13 scena

theatre, AE theater

( scenata) scene

fig colpo m di scena coup de théâtre

mettere in scena produce

fig fare scena muta be struck dumb

* * *

scena s.f.

1 scene: la scena del fantasma nell''Amleto', the ghost scene in 'Hamlet'; la scena del primo atto è a Roma, in the first act the action takes place in Rome (o the scene is laid in Rome); il primo atto è diviso in quattro scene, the first act is divided into four scenes // scena muta, dumb show (o mime): fece scena muta all'esame, he didn't utter a single word in the exam // a scena aperta, in the middle of the scene // colpo di scena, dramatic moment; (fig.) unexpected event // chi è di scena?, whose turn is it?

2 ( scenario) scenery, scene: ha dipinto le scene per la commedia, he has painted the scenery for the play; cambiare le scene, to change the scenes; cambiamento di scena, scene change; dietro le scene, behind the scenes (anche fig.)

3 ( palcoscenico) stage; direttore di scena, stage-director; entrare in scena, to come on stage (anche fig.); (fig.) to interfere: non voglio entrare in scena, I don't want to interfere // essere in scena, to be on stage; (fig.) to be the centre of attention // avere scena, to have (stage) presence // messa in scena, staging; (fig.) showing off: è solo una messa in scena, it is merely showing off // andare in scena, to be performed (o to be staged) // calcare le scene, to be an actor (o to tread the boards) // mettere in scena una commedia, to stage (o to put on) a play // ritirarsi, scomparire dalle scene, uscire di scena, to leave the stage (anche fig.)

4 (fig.) ( teatro) theatre, stage: una commedia nuova per le scene francesi, a new play for the French stage // darsi alle scene, to go on the stage

5 ( vista, spettacolo di vita) scene; view: scene della vita militare, scenes of military life; scene di dolore, scenes of grief; il quadro rappresenta una scena di caccia, the painting depicts a hunting scene; la scena politica, the political scene; ( il mondo politico) the political world; uscire dalla scena politica, to leave the political scene; che bella scena!, what a lovely view! // fare scena, to make an impression (o to cause a sensation) // scena del delitto, scene of the crime

6 ( litigio) scene, row: fare una scena, to make a scene; smettetela di fare scene, stop making such a scene (o fuss)

7 ( finzione) act, put-on: è tutta scena, it's all an act // per far scena, to make an impression (o to draw attention to oneself).

* * *
['ʃɛna]
sostantivo femminile

1) teatr. stage

entrare in scena — to come o go on (stage), to make an entrance (anche fig.)

uscire di scena — to make an exit, to go off

fuori scena — offstage

messa in scena — direction, staging, mise-en-scène; fig. mise-en-scène, play-acting

è stata tutta una messa in scena — fig. the whole thing was staged

mettere in scena — to direct o put on o stage [ spettacolo]

"Amleto" va in scena al Gate — "Hamlet" is playing at the Gate

un applauso a scena aperta — an applause in the middle of the show; (attività di attore)

calcare le -e — to tread the boards

abbandonare la scena — to give up the stage

2) (parte) (di film) scene, sequence; (di opera teatrale) scene

girare una scena — to shoot a scene

scena d'amore — love scene

3) (fatto, immagine) scene

- e di morte e distruzione — scenes of death and destruction

- e di violenza — scenes of violence

una scena straordinaria — an amazing sight

immaginati la scena! — just picture the scene!

ha assistito a tutta la scena — he saw the whole thing

4) fig. (ambiente) scene

sulla scena internazionale, politica — on the international, political scene

la scena del delitto — the scene of the crime

5) fig. (simulazione)

è tutta scena — it's all an act o a pose

fa solo scena — he's putting it on

6) fig. scenata

•

scena muta — dumb show

fare scena muta — fig. not to say one word, to draw a blank

••

fare una scena madre — to make a grand drama of it

* * *

scena

/'∫εna/

sostantivo f.

1 teatr. stage; entrare in scena to come o go on (stage), to make an entrance (anche fig.); uscire di scena to make an exit, to go off; fuori scena offstage; messa in scena direction, staging, mise-en-scène; fig. mise-en-scène, play-acting; è stata tutta una messa in scena fig. the whole thing was staged; mettere in scena to direct o put on o stage [ spettacolo]; "Amleto" va in scena al Gate "Hamlet" is playing at the Gate; un applauso a scena aperta an applause in the middle of the show; (attività di attore) calcare le -e to tread the boards; abbandonare la scena to give up the stage

2 (parte) (di film) scene, sequence; (di opera teatrale) scene; girare una scena to shoot a scene; scena d'amore love scene

3 (fatto, immagine) scene; - e di morte e distruzione scenes of death and destruction; - e di violenza scenes of violence; una scena straordinaria an amazing sight; immaginati la scena! just picture the scene! ha assistito a tutta la scena he saw the whole thing

4 fig. (ambiente) scene; sulla scena internazionale, politica on the international, political scene; la scena del delitto the scene of the crime

5 fig. (simulazione) è tutta scena it's all an act o a pose; fa solo scena he's putting it on

6 fig. → scenata

IDIOMS

fare una scena madre to make a grand drama of it

\

COMPOUNDS

scena muta dumb show; fare scena muta fig. not to say one word, to draw a blank.

Dizionario Italiano-Inglese > scena
14 Huygens, Christiaan

SUBJECT AREA: Horology

[br]

b. 14 April 1629 The Hague, the Netherlands

d. 8 June 1695 The Hague, the Netherlands

[br]

Dutch scientist who was responsible for two of the greatest advances in horology: the successful application of both the pendulum to the clock and the balance spring to the watch.

[br]

Huygens was born into a cultured and privileged class. His father, Constantijn, was a poet and statesman who had wide interests. Constantijn exerted a strong influence on his son, who was educated at home until he reached the age of 16. Christiaan studied law and mathematics at Ley den University from 1645 to 1647, and continued his studies at the Collegium Arausiacum in Breda until 1649. He then lived at The Hague, where he had the means to devote his time entirely to study. In 1666 he became a Member of the Académie des Sciences in Paris and settled there until his return to The Hague in 1681. He also had a close relationship with the Royal Society and visited London on three occasions, meeting Newton on his last visit in 1689. Huygens had a wide range of interests and made significant contributions in mathematics, astronomy, optics and mechanics. He also made technical advances in optical instruments and horology.

Despite the efforts of Burgi there had been no significant improvement in the performance of ordinary clocks and watches from their inception to Huygens's time, as they were controlled by foliots or balances which had no natural period of oscillation. The pendulum appeared to offer a means of improvement as it had a natural period of oscillation that was almost independent of amplitude. Galileo Galilei had already pioneered the use of a freely suspended pendulum for timing events, but it was by no means obvious how it could be kept swinging and used to control a clock. Towards the end of his life Galileo described such a. mechanism to his son Vincenzio, who constructed a model after his father's death, although it was not completed when he himself died in 1642. This model appears to have been copied in Italy, but it had little influence on horology, partly because of the circumstances in which it was produced and possibly also because it differed radically from clocks of that period. The crucial event occurred on Christmas Day 1656 when Huygens, quite independently, succeeded in adapting an existing spring-driven table clock so that it was not only controlled by a pendulum but also kept it swinging. In the following year he was granted a privilege or patent for this clock, and several were made by the clockmaker Salomon Coster of The Hague. The use of the pendulum produced a dramatic improvement in timekeeping, reducing the daily error from minutes to seconds, but Huygens was aware that the pendulum was not truly isochronous. This error was magnified by the use of the existing verge escapement, which made the pendulum swing through a large arc. He overcame this defect very elegantly by fitting cheeks at the pendulum suspension point, progressively reducing the effective length of the pendulum as the amplitude increased. Initially the cheeks were shaped empirically, but he was later able to show that they should have a cycloidal shape. The cheeks were not adopted universally because they introduced other defects, and the problem was eventually solved more prosaically by way of new escapements which reduced the swing of the pendulum. Huygens's clocks had another innovatory feature: maintaining power, which kept the clock going while it was being wound.

Pendulums could not be used for portable timepieces, which continued to use balances despite their deficiencies. Robert Hooke was probably the first to apply a spring to the balance, but his efforts were not successful. From his work on the pendulum Huygens was well aware of the conditions necessary for isochronism in a vibrating system, and in January 1675, with a flash of inspiration, he realized that this could be achieved by controlling the oscillations of the balance with a spiral spring, an arrangement that is still used in mechanical watches. The first model was made for Huygens in Paris by the clockmaker Isaac Thuret, who attempted to appropriate the invention and patent it himself. Huygens had for many years been trying unsuccessfully to adapt the pendulum clock for use at sea (in order to determine longitude), and he hoped that a balance-spring timekeeper might be better suited for this purpose. However, he was disillusioned as its timekeeping proved to be much more susceptible to changes in temperature than that of the pendulum clock.

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Principal Honours and Distinctions

FRS 1663. Member of the Académie Royale des Sciences 1666.

Bibliography

For his complete works, see Oeuvres complètes de Christian Huygens, 1888–1950, 22 vols, The Hague.

1658, Horologium, The Hague; repub., 1970, trans. E.L.Edwardes, Antiquarian

Horology 7:35–55 (describes the pendulum clock).

1673, Horologium Oscillatorium, Paris; repub., 1986, The Pendulum Clock or Demonstrations Concerning the Motion ofPendula as Applied to Clocks, trans.

R.J.Blackwell, Ames.

The balance spring watch was first described in Journal des Sçavans 25 February 1675, and translated in Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society (1675) 4:272–3.

Further Reading

H.J.M.Bos, 1972, Dictionary of Scientific Biography, ed. C.C.Gillispie, Vol. 6, New York, pp. 597–613 (for a fuller account of his life and scientific work, but note the incorrect date of his death).

R.Plomp, 1979, Spring-Driven Dutch Pendulum Clocks, 1657–1710, Schiedam (describes Huygens's application of the pendulum to the clock).

S.A.Bedini, 1991, The Pulse of Time, Florence (describes Galileo's contribution of the pendulum to the clock).

J.H.Leopold, 1982, "L"Invention par Christiaan Huygens du ressort spiral réglant pour les montres', Huygens et la France, Paris, pp. 154–7 (describes the application of the balance spring to the watch).

A.R.Hall, 1978, "Horology and criticism", Studia Copernica 16:261–81 (discusses Hooke's contribution).

DV

Biographical history of technology > Huygens, Christiaan
15 εἰμί

εἰμί (Hom.+) impv. ἴσθι, ἔσο IPol 4:1, ἔστω—also colloq. ἤτω (BGU 276, 24; 419, 13; POxy 533, 9; Ps 103:31; 1 Macc 10:31) 1 Cor 16:22; Js 5:12; 1 Cl 48:5; Hv 3, 3, 4;—3 pers. pl. ἔστωσαν (ins since 200 B.C. Meisterhans³-Schw. 191; PPetr III, 2, 22 [237 B.C.]) Lk 12:35; 1 Ti 3:12; GJs 7:2. Inf. εἶναι. Impf. 1 pers. only mid. ἤμην (Jos., Bell. 1, 389; 631; s. further below); ἦν only Ac 20:18 D, 2 pers. ἦσθα (Jos., Ant. 6, 104) Mt 26:69; Mk 14:67 and ἦς (Lobeck, Phryn. 149 ‘say ἦσθα’; Jos., Ant. 17, 110 al.; Sb 6262, 16 [III A.D.]) Mt 25:21, 23 al., 3 sg. ἦν, 1 pl. ἦμεν. Beside this the mid. form ἤμην (pap since III B.C.; Job 29:16; Tob 12:13 BA), s. above, gives the pl. ἤμεθα (pap since III B.C.; Bar 1:19) Mt 23:30; Ac 27:37; Eph 2:3. Both forms in succession Gal. 4:3. Fut. ἔσομαι, ptc. ἐσόμενος. The mss. vary in choice of act. or mid., but like the edd. lean toward the mid. (W-S. §14, 1; Mlt-H. 201–3; Rob. index; B-D-F §98; Rdm.² 99; 101f; Helbing 108f; Reinhold 86f). Also s. ἔνι.

① be, exist, be on hand a pred. use (for other pred. use s. 3a, 4, 5, 6, 7): of God (Epicurus in Diog. L. 10, 123 θεοί εἰσιν; Zaleucus in Diod S 12, 20, 2 θεοὺς εἶναι; Wsd 12:13; Just., D. 128, 4 angels) ἔστιν ὁ θεός God exists Hb 11:6; cp. 1 Cor 8:5. ὁ ὢν καὶ ὁ ἦν the one who is and who was (cp. SibOr 3, 16; as amulet PMich 155, 3 [II A.D.] ὁ ὢν θεὸς ὁ Ἰάω κύριος παντοκράτωρ=the god … who exists.) Rv 11:17; 16:5. ὁ ὢν καὶ ὁ ἦν καὶ ὁ ἐρχόμενος, in this and the two preceding passages ἦν is treated as a ptc. (for the unusual use of ἦν cp. Simonides 74 D.: ἦν ἑκατὸν φιάλαι) 1:4; 4:8 (cp. Ex 3:14; Wsd 13:1; Paus. 10, 12, 10 Ζεὺς ἦν, Ζ. ἔστι, Ζ. ἔσσεται; cp. Theosophien 18. S. OWeinreich, ARW 19, 1919, 178f). οὐδʼ εἶναι θεὸν παντοκράτορα AcPlCor 1:11. ἐγώ εἰμι (ins in the Athena-Isis temple of Saïs in Plut., Is. et Os. 9, 354c: ἐγώ εἰμι πᾶν τὸ γεγονὸς κ. ὸ̓ν κ. ἐσόμενον. On the role of Isis in Gk. rel. s. IBergman, Ich bin Isis ’68; RMerkelbach, Isis Regina—Zeus Sarapis ’95; for further lit. s. MGustafson in: Prayer fr. Alexander to Constantine, ed. MKiley et al. ’97, 158.) Rv 1:8 (s. ἐγώ beg.). ὁ ὤν, … θεός Ro 9:5 is classed here and taken to mean Christ by JWordsworth ad loc. and HWarner, JTS 48, ’47, 203f. Of the λόγος: ἐν ἀρχῇ ἦν ὁ λ. J 1:1 (for ἦν cp. Herm. Wr. 1, 4; 3, 1b ἦν σκότος, Fgm. IX 1 p. 422, 23 Sc. γέγονεν ἡ ὕλη καὶ ἦν).—Of Christ πρὶν Ἀβραὰμ γενέσθαι, ἐγὼ εἰμί before Abraham was born, I am 8:58 (on the pres. εἰμί cp. Parmenides 8, 5: of the Eternal we cannot say ἦν οὐδʼ ἔσται, only ἔστιν; Ammonius Hermiae [Comm. in Aristotl. IV 5 ed. ABusse 1897] 6 p. 172: in Timaeus we read that we must not say of the gods τὸ ἦν ἢ τὸ ἔσται μεταβολῆς τινος ὄντα σημαντικά, μόνον δὲ τὸ ἔστι=‘was’ or ‘will be’, suggesting change, but only ‘is’; Ps 89:2; DBall, ‘I Am’ in John’s Gospel [JSNT Suppl. 124] ’96).—Of the world πρὸ τοῦ τὸν κόσμον εἶναι before the world existed 17:5. Satirically, of the beast, who parodies the Lamb, ἦν καὶ οὐκ ἔστιν Rv 17:8. Of God’s temple: ἔστιν B 16:6f it exists. τὸ μὴ ὄν that which does not exist, the unreal (Sallust. 17 p. 32, 7 and 9; Philo, Aet. M. 5; 82) Hm 1:1. τὰ ὄντα that which exists contrasted w. τὰ μὴ ὄντα Ro 4:17; cp. 1 Cor 1:28; 2 Cl 1:8. Of God κτίσας ἐκ τοῦ μὴ ὄντος τὰ ὄντα what is out of what is not Hv 1, 1, 6 (on the contrast τὰ ὄντα and τὰ μὴ ὄντα cp. Ps.-Arist. on Xenophanes: Fgm. 21, 28; Artem. 1, 51 p. 49, 19 τὰ μὴ ὄντα ὡς ὄντα; Ocellus Luc. 12; Sallust. 17, 5 p. 30, 28–32, 12; Philo, Op. M. 81; PGM 4, 3077f ποιήσαντα τὰ πάντα ἐξ ὧν οὐκ ὄντων εἰς τὸ εἶναι; 13, 272f τὸν ἐκ μὴ ὄντων εἶναι ποιήσαντα καὶ ἐξ ὄντων μὴ εἶναι; Theoph. Ant. 1, 4 [p. 64, 21] τὰ πάντα ὁ θεὸς ἐποίησεν ἐξ οὐκ ὄντων εἰς τὸ εἶναι).—Of existing in the sense be present, available, provided πολλοῦ ὄχλου ὄντος since a large crowd was present Mk 8:1. ὄντων τῶν προσφερόντων those are provided who offer Hb 8:4. οὔπω ἦν πνεῦμα the Spirit had not yet come J 7:39. ἀκούσας ὄντα σιτία when he heard that grain was available Ac 7:12.—Freq. used to introduce parables and stories (once) there was: ἄνθρωπός τις ἦν πλούσιος there was (once) a rich man Lk 16:1, 19. ἦν ἄνθρωπος ἐκ τ. Φαρισαίων there was a man among the Pharisees J 3:1.—There is, there are ὥσπερ εἰσὶν θεοὶ πολλοί as there are many gods 1 Cor 8:5. διαιρέσεις χαρισμάτων εἰσίν there are various kinds of spiritual gifts 12:4ff; 1J 5:16 al. Neg. οὐκ ἔστι there is (are) not, no (Ps 52:2; Simplicius in Epict. p. 95, 42 as a quot. from ‘tragedy’ οὐκ εἰσὶν θεοί) δίκαιος there is no righteous man Ro 3:10 (Eccl 7:20). ἀνάστασις νεκρῶν οὐκ ἔστιν there is no resurr. of the dead 1 Cor 15:12; οὐδʼ εἶναι ἀνάστασιν AcPlCor 1:12; 2:24; cp. Mt 22:23; Ac 23:8 (cp. 2 Macc 7:14). εἰσὶν οἵ, or οἵτινες there are people who (Hom. et al.; LXX; Just., D. 47, 2 εἰ μήτι εἰσὶν οἱ λέγοντες ὅτι etc.—W. sing. and pl. combined: Arrian, Ind. 24, 9 ἔστι δὲ οἳ διέφυγον=but there are some who escaped) Mt 16:28; 19:12; Mk 9:1; Lk 9:27; J 6:64; Ac 11:20. Neg. οὐδείς ἐστιν ὅς there is no one who Mk 9:39; 10:29; Lk 1:61; 18:29. As a question τίς ἐστιν ὅς; who is there that? Mt 12:11—In an unusual (perh. bureaucratic terminology) participial construction Ac 13:1 ἡ οὖσα ἐκκλησία the congregation there (cp. Ps.-Pla., Eryx. 6, 394c οἱ ὄντες ἄνθρωποι=the people with whom he has to deal; PLond III 1168, 5 p. 136 [18 A.D.] ἐπὶ ταῖς οὔσαις γειτνίαις=on the adjoining areas there; PGen 49; PSI 229, 11 τοῦ ὄντος μηνός of the current month); cp. 14:13.—αἱ οὖσαι (sc. ἐξουσίαι) those that exist Ro 13:1 (cp. UPZ 180a I, 4 [113 B.C.] ἐφʼ ἱερέων καὶ ἱερειῶν τῶν ὄντων καὶ οὐσῶν).

② to be in close connection (with), is, freq. in statements of identity or equation, as a copula, the equative function, uniting subject and predicate. On absence of the copula, Mlt-Turner 294–310.

ⓐ gener. πραΰς εἰμι I am gentle Mt 11:29. ἐγώ εἰμι Γαβριήλ Lk 1:19. σὺ εἶ ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ θεοῦ Mk 3:11; J 1:49 and very oft. ἵνα … ὁ πονηρὸς … ἐλεγχθῇ [το? s. app. in Bodm.] μὴ ὢν θεός AcPlCor 2:15 (Just., D. 3, 3 φιλολόγος οὖν τις εἶ σύ).—The pred. can be supplied fr. the context: καὶ ἐσμέν and we are (really God’s children) 1J 3:1 (Eur., Ion 309 τ. θεοῦ καλοῦμαι δοῦλος εἰμί τε. Dio Chrys. 14 [31], 58 θεοφιλεῖς οἱ χρηστοὶ λέγονται καὶ εἰσίν; Epict. 2, 16, 44 Ἡρακλῆς ἐπιστεύθη Διὸς υἱὸς εἶναι καὶ ἦν.—The ptc. ὤν, οὖσα, ὄν used w. a noun or adj.and serving as an if-, since-, or although-clause sim. functions as a copula πονηροὶ ὄντες Mt 7:11; 12:34.—Lk 20:36; J 3:4; 4:9; Ac 16:21; Ro 5:10; 1 Cor 8:7; Gal 2:3 al.).—W. adv. of quality: οὕτως εἶναι be so preceded by ὥσπερ, καθώς or followed by ὡς, ὥσπερ Mt 13:40; 24:27, 37, 39; Mk 4:26; Lk 17:26. W. dat. of pers. οὕτως ἔσται ὁ υἱὸς τ. ἀ. τῇ γενεᾷ ταύτῃ so the Human One (Son of Man) will be for this generation 11:30. εἰμὶ ὡσ/ὥσπερ I am like Mt 6:5; Lk 18:11. W. dat. ἔστω σοι ὥσπερ τελώνης he shall be to you as a tax-collector Mt 18:17. εἰμὶ ὥς τις I am like someone of outward and inward similarity 28:3; Lk 6:40; 11:44; 22:27 al. καθώς εἰμι as I am Ac 22:3; 1J 3:2, 7; 4:17.—W. demonstr. pron. (Just., A I, 16, 1 ἃ ἔφη, ταῦτά ἐστι: foll. by a quotation; sim. 48, 5 ἔστι δὲ ταῦτα; and oft.) τὰ ὀνόματά ἐστιν ταῦτα Mt 10:2. αὕτη ἐστὶν ἡ μαρτυρία J 1:19. W. inf. foll. θρησκεία αὕτη ἐστίν, ἐπισκέπτεσθαι Js 1:27. W. ὅτι foll. αὕτη ἐστὶν ἡ κρίσις, ὅτι τὸ φῶς ἐλήλυθεν J 3:19; cp. 21:24; 1J 1:5; 3:11; 5:11. W. ἵνα foll. τοῦτό ἐστιν τὸ ἔργον, ἵνα πιστεύητε J 6:29; cp. vs. 39f; 15:12; 17:3; 1J 3:11, 23; 5:3. W. τηλικοῦτος: τὰ πλοῖα, τηλικαῦτα ὄντα though they are so large Js 3:4. W. τοσοῦτος: τοσοῦτων ὄντων although there were so many J 21:11. W. τοιοῦτος: τοιοῦτος ὤν Phlm 9 (cp. Just., A I, 18, 4 ὅσα ἄλλα τοιαῦτά ἐστι).—W. interrog. pron. ὑμεῖς τίνα με λέγετε εἶναι; who do you say I am? Mt 16:15; cp. 21:10; Mk 1:24; 4:41; 8:27, 29; Lk 4:34 al.; σὺ τίς εἶ; J 1:19; 8:25; 21:12 al. (cp. JosAs 14:6 τίς εἶ συ tell me ‘who you are’). σὺ τίς εἶ ὁ κρίνων; (Pla., Gorg. 452b; Strabo 6, 2, 4 σὺ τίς εἶ ὁ τὸν Ὅμηρον ψέγων ὡς μυθογράφον;) Ro 14:4; ἐγὼ τίς ἤμην; (cp. Ex 3:11) Ac 11:17; τίς εἰμι ἐγὼ ὅτι who am I, that GJs 12:2 (Ex 3:11). W. πόσος: πόσος χρόνος ἐστίν; how long a time? Mk 9:21. W. ποταπός of what sort Lk 1:29.—W. relative pron. οἷος 2 Cor 10:11; ὁποῖος Ac 26:29; 1 Cor 3:13; Gal 2:6; ὅς Rv 1:19; ὅστις Gal 5:10, 19.—W. numerals ἦσαν οἱ φαγόντες πεντακισχίλιοι ἄνδρες 6:44 (cp. Polyaenus 7, 25 ἦσαν οἱ πεσόντες ἀνδρῶν μυριάδες δέκα); cp. Ac 19:7; 23:13. Λάζαρος εἷς ἦν ἐκ τῶν ἀνακειμένων L. was one of those at the table J 12:2; cp. Gal 3:20; Js 2:19. τῶν πιστευσάντων ἦν καρδία καὶ ψυχὴ μία Ac 4:32. εἷς εἶναι be one and the same Gal 3:28. ἓν εἶναι be one J 10:30; 17:11, 21ff; 1 Cor 3:8.—οὐδʼ εἶναι τὴν πλάσιν τὴν τῶν ἀνθρώπων τοῦ θεοῦ (that) the creation of humankind is not God’s doing AcPlCor 1:13.—To establish identity the formula ἐγώ εἰμι is oft. used in the gospels (corresp. to Hebr. אֲנִי הוּא Dt 32:39; Is 43:10), in such a way that the predicate must be understood fr. the context: Mt 14:27; Mk 6:50; 13:6; 14:62; Lk 22:70; J 4:26; 6:20; 8:24, 28; 13:19; 18:5f and oft.; s. on ἐγώ.—In a question μήτι ἐγώ εἰμι; surely it is not I? Mt 26:22, 25.

ⓑ to describe a special connection betw. the subject and a predicate noun ἡμεῖς ναὸς θεοῦ ἐσμεν ζῶντος we are a temple of the living God 2 Cor 6:16. ἡ ἐπιστολὴ ὑμεῖς ἐστε you are our letter (of recommendation) 3:2. σφραγίς μου τῆς ἀποστολῆς ὑμεῖς ἐστε you are the seal of my apostleship 1 Cor 9:2 and oft.

ⓒ in explanations:

α. to show how someth. is to be understood is a representation of, is the equivalent of; εἰμί here, too, serves as copula; we usually translate mean, so in the formula τοῦτʼ ἔστιν this or that means, that is to say (Epict., Ench. 33, 10; Arrian, Tact. 29, 3; SIG 880, 50; PFlor 157, 4; PSI 298, 9; PMert 91, 9; Jos., C. Ap. 2, 16; ApcMos 19; Just., D. 56, 23; 78, 3 al.) Mk 7:2; Ac 19:4; Ro 7:18; 9:8; 10:6, 8; Phlm 12; Hb 7:5 al.; in the sense that is (when translated) (Polyaenus 8, 14, 1 Μάξιμος ἀνηγορεύθη• τοῦτο δʼ ἄν εἴη Μέγιστον) Mt 27:46; Ac 1:19. So also w. relative pron.: ὅ ἐστιν Mk 3:17; 7:11, 34; Hb 7:2. After verbs of asking, recognizing, knowing and not knowing (Antiphanes Com. 231, 1f τὸ ζῆν τί ἐστι;) μάθετε τί ἐστιν learn what (this) means Mt 9:13. εἰ ἐγνώκειτε τί ἐστιν 12:7; cp. Mk 1:27; 9:10; Lk 20:17; J 16:17f; Eph 4:9. W. an indir. question (Stephan. Byz. s.v. Ἀγύλλα: τὶς ἠρώτα τί ἂν εἴη τὸ ὄνομα) τί ἂν εἴη ταῦτα Lk 15:26; τί εἴη τοῦτο 18:36. τίνα θέλει ταῦτα εἶναι what this means Ac 17:20; cp. 2:12, where the question is not about the mng. of terms but the significance of what is happening.—Esp. in interpr. of the parables (Artem. 1, 51 p. 48, 26 ἄρουρα οὐδὲν ἄλλο ἐστὶν ἢ γυνή=field means nothing else than woman) ὁ ἀγρός ἐστιν ὁ κόσμος the field means the world Mt 13:38; cp. vss. 19f, 22f; Mk 4:15f, 18, 20; Lk 8:11ff (cp. Gen 41:26f; Ezk 37:11; Ath. 22, 4 [Stoic interpr. of myths]). On τοῦτό ἐστιν τὸ σῶμά μου Mt 26:26; Mk 14:22; Lk 22:19 and its various interpretations, see lit. s.v. εὐχαριστία. Cp. Hipponax (VI B.C.) 45 Diehl αὕτη γάρ ἐστι συμφορή=this means misfortune.

β. to be of relative significance, be of moment or importance, amount to someth. w. indef. pron. εἰδωλόθυτόν τί ἐστιν meat offered to idols means anything 1 Cor 10:19. Esp. εἰμί τι I mean someth. of pers. 1 Cor 3:7; Gal 2:6; 6:3; and of things vs. 15. εἰμί τις Ac 5:36.—Of no account ἐμοὶ εἰς ἐλάχιστόν ἐστιν (telescoped fr. ἐλάχ. ἐστιν and εἰς ἐλάχ. γίνεται, of which there are many exx. in Schmid, I 398; II 161, 237; III 281; IV 455) it is of little or no importance to me 1 Cor 4:3.

③ be in reference to location, persons, condition, or time, be

ⓐ of various relations or positions involving a place or thing: w. ἀπό: εἶναι ἀπό τινος be or come from a certain place (X., An. 2, 4, 13) J 1:44.—W. ἐν: ἐν τοῖς τ. πατρός μου in my father’s house Lk 2:49 (cp. Jos., Ant. 16, 302 καταγωγὴ ἐν τοῖς Ἀντιπάτρου). ἐν τῇ ὁδῷ on the way Mk 10:32. ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ Mt 24:26. ἐν ἀγρῷ Lk 15:25. ἐν δεξιᾷ τ. θεοῦ at God’s right hand Ro 8:34; in heaven Eph 6:9.—W. εἰς: τὴν κοίτην Lk 11:7; τὸν κόλπον J1:18.—W. ἐπὶ w. gen. be on someth. of place, roof Lk 17:31; head J 20:7 (cp. 1 Macc 1:59); also fig., of one who is over someone (1 Macc 10:69; Jdth 14:13 ὁ ὢν ἐπὶ πάντων τῶν αὐτοῦ) Ro 9:5 (of the angel of death Mel., P. 20, 142 ἐπὶ τῶν πρωτοτόκων); also ἐπάνω τινός J 3:31.—W. dat. be at someth. the door Mt 24:33; Mk 13:29.—W. acc. be on someone: grace Lk 2:40; Ac 4:33; spirit (Is 61:1) Lk 2:25; εἶναι ἐπὶ τὸ αὐτό be in the same place, together (Gen 29:2 v.l.) Ac 1:15; 2:1, 44; 1 Cor 7:5.—W. κατά w. acc. εἶναι κατὰ τὴν Ἰουδαίαν be in Judea Ac 11:1; εἶναι ἐν Ἀντιοχείᾳ κατὰ τὴν οὖσαν ἐκκλησίαν were at Antioch in the congregation there 13:1.—W. ὑπό w. acc. τι or τινα of place be under someth. J 1:48; 1 Cor 10:1.—W. παρά w. acc. παρὰ τὴν θάλασσαν by the sea- (i.e. lake-) shore Mk 5:21; Ac 10:6.—W. πρός τι be close to, facing someth. Mk 4:1.—W. adv. of place ἐγγύς τινι near someth. Ac 9:38; 27:8. μακρὰν (ἀπό) Mk 12:34; J 21:8; Eph 2:13; also πόρρω Lk 14:32. χωρίς τινος without someth. Hb 12:8. ἐνθάδε Ac 16:28. ἔσω J 20:26. ἀπέναντί τινος Ro 3:18 (Ps 35:2). ἐκτός τινος 1 Cor 6:18; ἀντίπερά τινος Lk 8:26; ὁμοῦ J 21:2; οὗ Mt 2:9; ὅπου Mk 2:4; 5:40. ὧδε Mt 17:4; Mk 9:5; Lk 9:33. Also w. fut. mng. (ESchwartz, GGN 1908, 161 n.; on the fut. use of the pres. cp. POxy 531, 22 [II A.D.] ἔστι δὲ τοῦ Τῦβι μηνὸς σοὶ ὸ̔ θέλεις) ὅπου εἰμί J 7:34, 36; 12:26; 14:3; 17:24. As pred., to denote a relatively long stay at a place, stay, reside ἴσθι ἐκεῖ stay there Mt 2:13, cp. vs. 15; ἐπʼ ἐρήμοις τόποις in lonely places Mk 1:45; ἦν παρὰ τὴν θάλασσαν he stayed by the lakeside 5:21.

ⓑ involving humans or transcendent beings: w. adv. ἔμπροσθέν τινος Lk 14:2. ἔναντί τινος Ac 8:21; ἐνώπιόν τινος Lk 14:10; Ac 4:19; 1 Pt 3:4; Rv 7:15; ἐντός τινος Lk 17:21; ἐγγύς τινος J 11:18; 19:20; Ro 10:8 (Dt 30:14).—W. prep. ἐν τινί equiv. to ἔκ τινος εἶναι be among Mt 27:56; cp. Mk 15:40; Ro 1:6. Of God, who is among his people 1 Cor 14:25 (Is 45:14; Jer 14:9); of the Spirit J 14:17. Of persons under Christ’s direction: ἐν θεῷ 1J 2:5; 5:20 (s. Norden, Agn. Th. 23, 1). ἔν τινι rest upon, arise from someth. (Aristot., Pol. 7, 1, 3 [1323b, 1] ἐν ἀρετῇ; Sir 9:16) Ac 4:12; 1 Cor 2:5; Eph 5:18.—εἴς τινα be directed, inclined toward Ac 23:30; 2 Cor 7:15; 1 Pt 1:21.—κατά w. gen. be against someone (Sir 6:12) Mt 12:30; Mk 9:40 and Lk 9:50 (both opp. ὑπέρ); Gal 5:23.—σύν τινι be with someone (Jos., Ant. 7, 181) Lk 22:56; 24:44; Ac 13:7; accompany, associate w. someone Lk 8:38; Ac 4:13; 22:9; take sides with someone (X., Cyr. 5, 4, 37; 7, 5, 77; Jos., Ant. 11, 259 [of God]) Ac 14:4.—πρός τινα be with someone Mt 13:56; Mk 6:3; J 1:1f. I am to be compared w. IMg 12.—μετά and gen. be with someone (Judg 14:11) Mt 17:17; Mk 3:14; 5:18; J 3:26; 12:17; ἔστω μεθʼ ὑμῶν εἰρήνη AcPlCor 2:40; of God, who is with someone (Gen 21:20; Judg 6:13 al.; Philo, Det. Pot. Ins. 4; Jos., Ant. 6, 181; 15, 138) Lk 1:66; J 3:2; 8:29; Ac 10:38 al.; also be with in the sense be favorable to, in league with (Ex 23:2) Mt 12:30; Lk 11:23; of punishment attending a pers. τὸ πῦρ ἐστι μετʼ αὐτοῦ AcPlCor 2:37.—παρά and gen. come from someone (X., An. 2, 4, 15; Just., D. 8, 4 ἔλεος παρὰ θεοῦ) fr. God J 6:46; 7:29; w. dat. be with, among persons Mt 22:25; Ac 10:6. W. neg. be strange to someone, there is no … in someone Ro 2:11; 9:14; Eph 6:9.—ὑπέρ w. gen. be on one’s side Mk 9:4 and Lk 9:50 (both opp. κατά); w. acc. be superior to (Sir 25:10; 30:16) Lk 6:40.

ⓒ of condition or circumstance: κατά w. acc. live in accordance with (Sir 28:10; 43:8; 2 Macc 9:20) κατὰ σάκρα, πνεῦμα Ro 8:5. οὐκ ἔστιν κατὰ ἄνθρωπον not human (in origin) Gal 1:11.—Fig. ὑπό w. acc. be under (the power of) someth. Ro 3:9; 6:14f; Gal 3:10, 25.—W. ἐν of existing ἐν τῷ θεῷ εἶναι of humankind: have its basis of existence in God Ac 17:28. Of states of being: ἐν δόξῃ 2 Cor 3:8; ἐν εἰρήνῃ Lk 11:21; ἐν ἔχθρᾳ at enmity 23:12; ἐν κρίματι under condemnation vs. 40. ἐν ῥύσει αἵματος suffer from hemorrhages Mk 5:25; Lk 8:43 (cp. Soph., Aj. 271 ἦν ἐν τῇ νόσῳ; cp. TestJob 35:1 ἐν πληγαῖς πολλαῖς). Periphrastically for an adj. ἐν ἐξουσίᾳ authoritative Lk 4:32. ἐν βάρει important 1 Th 2:7. ἐν τῇ πίστει true believers, believing 2 Cor 13:5. Be involved in someth. ἐν ἑορτῇ be at the festival=take part in it J 2:23. ἐν τούτοις ἴσθι devote yourself to these things 1 Ti 4:15 (cp. X., Hell. 4, 8, 7 ἐν τοιούτοις ὄντες=occupied w. such things; Jos., Ant. 2, 346 ἐν ὕμνοις ἦσαν=they occupied themselves w. the singing of hymns).—Fig., live in the light 1J 2:9; cp. vs. 11; 1 Th 5:4; in the flesh Ro 7:5; 8:8; AcPlCor 1:6. ἐν οἷς εἰμι in the situation in which I find myself Phil 4:11 (X., Hell. 4, 2, 1; Diod S 12, 63, 5; 12, 66, 4; Appian, Hann. 55 §228 ἐν τούτοις ἦν=he was in this situation; Jos., Ant. 7, 232 ἐν τούτοις ἦσαν=found themselves in this sit.; TestJob 35:6 ἐν τίνι ἐστίν; s. ZPE VIII 170). ἐν πολλοῖς ὢν ἀστοχήμασι AcPlCor 2:1. Of characteristics, emotions, etc. ἔν τινί ἐστιν, e.g. ἀδικία J 7:18; ἄγνοια Eph 4:18; ἀλήθεια J 8:44; 2 Cor 11:10 (cp. 1 Macc 7:18); ἁμαρτία 1J 3:5.

ⓓ of time ἐγγύς of καιρός be near Mt 26:18; Mk 13:28. πρὸς ἑσπέραν ἐστίν it is toward evening Lk 24:29 (Just., D. 137, 4 πρὸς δυσμὰς … ὁ ἥλιός ἐστι).

④ to be alive in a period of time, live, denoting temporal existence (Hom., Trag., Thu. et al.; Sir 42:21; En 102:5 Philo, De Jos. 17; Jos., Ant. 7, 254) εἰ ἤμεθα ἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις τῶν πατέρων ἡμῶν if we had lived in the days of our fathers Mt 23:30. ὅτι οὐκ εἰσὶν because they were no more 2:18 (Jer 38:15). ἦσαν ἐπὶ χρόνον ἱκανόν (those who were healed and raised by Christ) remained alive for quite some time Qua.

⑤ to be the time at which someth. takes place w. indications of specific moments or occasions, be (X., Hell. 4, 5, 1, An. 4, 3, 8; Sus 13 Theod.; 1 Macc 6:49; 2 Macc 8:26; Jos., Ant. 6, 235 νουμηνία δʼ ἦν; 11, 251): ἦν ὥρα ἕκτη it was the sixth hour (=noon acc. to Jewish reckoning) Lk 23:44; J 4:6; 19:14.—Mk 15:25; J 1:39. ἦν ἑσπέρα ἤδη it was already evening Ac 4:3. πρωί̈ J 18:28. ἦν παρασκευή Mk 15:42. ἦν ἑορτὴ τῶν Ἰουδαίων J 5:1. σάββατόν ἐστιν vs. 10 et al. Short clauses (as Polyaenus 4, 9, 2 νὺξ ἦν; 7, 44, 2 πόλεμος ἦν; exc. 36, 8 ἦν ἀρίστου ὥρα; Jos., Ant. 19, 248 ἔτι δὲ νὺξ ἦν) χειμὼν ἦν J 10:22; ἦν δὲ νύξ (sim. Jos., Bell. 4, 64) 13:30; ψύχος it was cold 18:18; καύσων ἔσται it will be hot Lk 12:55.

⑥ to take place as a phenomenon or event, take place, occur, become, be, be in (Hom., Thu. et al.; LXX; En 104:5; 106:6.—Cp. Just., D. 82, 2 of Christ’s predictions ὅπερ καὶ ἔστι ‘which is in fact the case’.) ἔσται θόρυβος τοῦ λαοῦ a popular uprising Mk 14:2. γογγυσμὸς ἦν there was (much) muttering J 7:12. σχίσμα there was a division 9:16; 1 Cor 1:10; 12:25. ἔριδες … εἰσίν quarrels are going on 1:11. δεῖ αἱρέσεις εἶναι 11:19. θάνατος, πένθος, κραυγή, πόνος ἔσται Rv 21:4. ἔσονται λιμοὶ κ. σεισμοί Mt 24:7. Hence τὸ ἐσόμενον what was going to happen (Sir 48:25) Lk 22:49. πότε ταῦτα ἔσται; when will this happen? Mt 24:3. πῶς ἔσται τοῦτο; how can this be? Lk 1:34. Hebraistically (הָיָה; s. KBeyer, Semitische Syntax im NT, ’62, 63–65) καὶ ἔσται w. fut. of another verb foll. and it will come about that Ac 2:17 (Jo 3:1); 3:23 (w. δέ); Ro 9:26 (Hos 2:1).—W. dat. ἐστί τινι happen, be granted, come, to someone (X., An. 2, 1, 10; Jos., Ant. 11, 255; Just., D. 8, 4 σοὶ … ἔλεος ἔσται παρὰ θεοῦ) Mt 16:22; Mk 11:24; Lk 2:10; GJs 1:1; 4:3; 8:3; τί ἐστίν σοι τοῦτο, ὅτι what is the matter with you, that GJs 17:2.—Of becoming or turning into someth. become someth. εἰς χολὴν πικρίας εἶναι become bitter gall Ac 8:23. εἰς σάρκα μίαν Mt 19:5; Mk 10:8; 1 Cor 6:16; Eph 5:31 (all Gen 2:24. Cp. Syntipas p. 42, 24 οὐκ ἔτι ἔσομαι μετὰ σοῦ εἰς γυναῖκα); τὰ σκολιὰ εἰς εὐθείας Lk 3:5 (Is 40:4); εἰς πατέρα 2 Cor 6:18; Hb 1:5 (2 Km 7:14; 1 Ch 22:10; 28:6); εἰς τὸ ἕν 1J 5:8.— Serve as someth. (IPriene 50, 39 [c. II B.C.] εἶναι εἰς φυλακὴν τ. πόλεως; Aesop., Fab. 28 H.=18 P.; 26 Ch.; 18 H-H. εἰς ὠφέλειαν; Gen 9:13; s. also εἰς 4d) 1 Cor 14:22; Col 2:22; Js 5:3.—Of something being ἀνεκτότερον ἔσται it will be more tolerable τινί for someone Lk 10:12, 14.

⑦ to exist as possibility ἔστιν w. inf. foll. it is possible, one can (Περὶ ὕψους 6; Diog. L. 1, 110 ἔστιν εὑρεῖν=one can find; Just., A I, 59, 10 ἔστι ταῦτα ἀκοῦσαι καὶ μαθεῖν; D. 42, 3 ἰδεῖν al.; Mel., P. 19, 127); neg. οὐκ ἔστιν νῦν λέγειν it is not possible to speak at this time Hb 9:5. οὐκ ἔστιν φαγεῖν it is impossible to eat 1 Cor 11:20 (so Hom. et al.; UPZ 70, 23 [152/151 B.C.] οὐκ ἔστι ἀνακύψαι με πώποτε … ὑπὸ τῆς αἰσχύνης; 4 Macc 13:5; Wsd 5:10; Sir 14:16; 18:6; EpJer 49 al.; EpArist 163; Jos., Ant. 2, 335; Ath. 22, 3 ἔστιν εἰπεῖν).

⑧ to have a point of derivation or origin, be,/come from somewhere ἐκ τῆς ἐξουσίας Ἡρῴδου from Herod’s jurisdiction Lk 23:7; ἐκ Ναζαρέτ (as an insignificant place) J 1:46; ἐκ τῆς γῆς 3:31; ἐκ γυναικός 1 Cor 11:8 al. ἐξ οὐρανοῦ, ἐξ ἀνθρώπων be of heavenly (divine), human descent Mt 21:25; Mk 11:30; Lk 20:4. Be generated by (cp. Sb 8141, 21f [ins I B.C.] οὐδʼ ἐκ βροτοῦ ἤεν ἄνακτος, ἀλλὰ θεοῦ μεγάλου ἔκγονος; En 106:6) Mt 1:20. Esp. in Johannine usage ἐκ τοῦ διαβόλου εἶναι originate from the devil J 8:44; 1J 3:8. ἐκ τοῦ πονηροῦ 3:12; ἐκ τοῦ κόσμου J 15:19; 17:14, 16; 1J 4:5. ἐκ τῆς ἀληθείας εἶναι 2:21; J 18:37 etc. Cp. 9 end.

⑨ to belong to someone or someth. through association or genetic affiliation, be, belong w. simple gen. (X., Hell. 2, 4, 36; Iambl., Vi. Pyth. 33, 230 τῶν Πυθαγορείων) οἱ τῆς ὁδοῦ ὄντες those who belong to the Way Ac 9:2. εἰμὶ Παύλου I belong to Paul 1 Cor 1:12; 3:4; cp. Ro 8:9; 2 Cor 10:7; 1 Ti 1:20; Ac 23:6. ἡμέρας εἶναι belong to the day 1 Th 5:8, cp. vs. 5. W. ἔκ τινος 1 Cor 12:15f; Mt 26:73; Mk 14:69f; Lk 22:58 al. (cp. X., Mem. 3, 6, 17; oft LXX). ἐκ τοῦ ἀριθμοῦ τῶν δώδεκα belong to the twelve 22:3. ὅς ἐστιν ἐξ ὑμῶν who is a fellow-countryman of yours Col 4:9.—To belong through origin 2 Cor 4:7. Of Mary: ἦν τῆς φυλῆς τοῦ Δαυίδ was of David’s line GJs 10:1. Cp. 8 above.

⑩ to have someth. to do with someth. or someone, be. To denote a close relationship ἐξ ἔργων νόμου εἶναι rely on legal performance Gal 3:10. ὁ νόμος οὐκ ἔστιν ἐκ πίστεως the law has nothing to do with faith vs. 12.—To denote a possessor Mt 5:3, 10; l9:14; Mk 12:7; Lk 18:16; 1 Cor 6:19. Esp. of God who owns the Christian Ac 27:23; 1 Cor 3:23; 2 Ti 2:19 (Num 16:5). οὐδʼ εἶναι τὸν κόσμον θεοῦ, ἀλλὰ ἀγγέλων AcPlCor 1:15 (cp. Just., A II, 13, 4 ὅσα … καλῶς εἴρηται, ἡμῶν τῶν χριστιανῶν ἐστι).—W. possess. pron. ὑμετέρα ἐστὶν ἡ βασιλεία Lk 6:20. οὐκ ἔστιν ἐμὸν δοῦναι Mk 10:40 (cp. Just., A I, 4, 2 ὑμέτερον ἀγωνιᾶσαί ἐστι ‘it is a matter for your concern’).—To denote function (X., An. 2, 1, 4) οὐχ ὑμῶν ἐστιν it is no concern of yours Ac 1:7—Of quality παιδεία οὐ δοκεῖ χαρᾶς εἶναι discipline does not seem to be (partake of) joy Hb 12:11.—10:39.

⑪ as an auxiliary: very commonly the simple tense forms are replaced by the periphrasis εἶναι and the ptc. (B-D-F §352–55; Mlt. 225–27, 249; Mlt-H. 451f; Rdm.² 102, 105, 205; Kühner-G. I 38ff; Rob. 374–76, 1119f; CTurner, Marcan Usage: JTS 28, 1927 349–51; GKilpatrick, BT 7, ’56, 7f; very oft. LXX).

ⓐ (as in Hom et al.) w. the pf. ptc. to express the pf., plpf. and fut. pf. act. and pass. (s. Mayser 329; 377) ἦσαν ἐληλυθότες they had come Lk 5:17. ἦν αὐτῶν ἡ καρδία πεπωρωμένη their hearts were hardened Mk 6:52. ἠλπικότες ἐσμέν we have set our hope 1 Cor 15:19. ὁ καιρὸς συνεσταλμένος ἐστίν the time has become short 7:29. ἦν ἑστώς (En 12:3) he was standing (more exactly he took his stand) Lk 5:1.

ⓑ w. pres. ptc. (B-D-F §353).

α. to express the pres. ἐστὶν προσαναπληροῦσα τὰ ὑστερήματα supplies the wants 2 Cor 9:12 (Just., A I, 26, 5 Μαρκίων … καὶ νῦν ἔτι ἐστὶ διδάσκων; Mel., P. 61, 441 ἐστὶν … κηρυσσόμενον).

β. impf. or aor. ἦν καθεύδων he was sleeping Mk 4:38. ἦσαν ἀναβαίνοντες … ἦν προάγων 10:32; cp. Lk 1:22; 5:17; 11:14 al. (JosAs 1:3 ἦν συνάγων τὸν σίτον; Mel., P. 80, 580 ἦσθα εὐφραινόμενος). ἦν τὸ φῶς τὸ ἀλήθινόν … ἐρχόμενον εἰς τὸν κόσμον the true light entered the world J 1:9, w. ἦν introducing a statement in dramatic contrast to the initial phrase of vs. 8.—To denote age (Demetr.: 722 Fgm. 1, 2 al. Jac.; POxy 275, 9 [66 A.D.] οὐδέπω ὄντα τῶν ἐτῶν; Tob 14:11) Mk 5:42; Lk 3:23; Ac 4:22; GJs 12:3.—Mussies 304–6.

γ. fut. ἔσῃ σιωπῶν you will be silent Lk 1:20; cp. 5:10; Mt 24:9; Mk 13:13; Lk 21:17, 24 al.; 2 Cl 17:7 Bihlm. (the child) shall serve him (God).

ⓒ w. aor. ptc. as plpf. (Aelian, NA 7, 11; Hippiatr. 34, 14, vol. I p. 185, 3 ἦν σκευάσας; ISyriaW 2070b ἦν κτίσας; AcThom 16; 27 [Aa II/2 p. 123, 2f; p. 142, 10]; B-D-F §355 m.—JVogeser, Z. Sprache d. griech. Heiligenlegenden, diss. Munich 1907, 14; JWittmann, Sprachl. Untersuchungen zu Cosmas Indicopleustes, diss. Munich 1913, 20; SPsaltes, Gramm. d. byzant. Chroniken 1913, 230; Björck [διδάσκω end] 75; B-D-F §355). ἦν βληθείς had been thrown Lk 23:19; J 18:30 v.l.—GPt 6:23; 12:51. (Cp. Just., A II, 10, 2 διʼ εὑρέσεως … ἐστὶ πονηθέντα αὐτοῖς ‘they achieved through investigation’).

ⓓ Notice esp. the impersonals δέον ἐστίν it is necessary (Pla. et al.; POxy 727, 19; Sir praef. ln. 3; 1 Macc 12:11 δέον ἐστὶν καὶ πρέπον) Ac 19:36; εἰ δέον ἐστίν if it must be 1 Pt 1:6 (s. δεῖ 2a); 1 Cl 34:2; πρέπον ἐστίν it is appropriate (Pla. et al.; POxy 120, 24; 3 Macc 7:13) Mt 3:15; 1 Cor 11:13.

ⓔ In many cases the usage w. the ptc. serves to emphasize the duration of an action or condition (BGU 183, 25 ἐφʼ ὸ̔ν χρόνον ζῶσα ᾖ Σαταβούς); JosAs 2:1 ἦν … ἐξουθενοῦσα καὶ καταπτύουσα πάντα ἄνδρα). ἦν διδάσκων he customarily taught Mk 1:22; Lk 4:31; 19:47. ἦν θέλων he cherished the wish 23:8. ἦσαν νηστεύοντες they were keeping the fast Mk 2:18. ἦσαν συλλαλοῦντες they were conversing for a while 9:4. ἦν προσδεχόμενος he was waiting for (the kgdm.) 15:43. ἦν συγκύπτουσα she was bent over Lk 13:11.

ⓕ to emphasize the adjectival idea inherent in the ptc. rather than the concept of action expressed by the finite verb ζῶν εἰμι I am alive Rv 1:18. ἦν ὑποτασσόμενος he was obedient Lk 2:51. ἦν ἔχων κτήματα πολλά he was very rich Mt 19:22; Mk 10:22. ἴσθι ἐξουσίαν ἔχων you shall have authority Lk 19:17 (Lucian, Tim. 35 ἴσθι εὐδαιμονῶν). ἦν καταλλάσσων (God) was reconciling 2 Cor 5:19 (cp. Mel., P. 83, 622 οὗτος ἦν ὁ ἐκλεξάμενός σε; Ath. 15, 2 οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ … καρπούμενος).—LMcGaughy, Toward a Descriptive Analysis of ΕΙΝΑΙ as a Linking Verb in the Gk. NT, diss. Vanderbilt, ’70 (s. esp. critique of treatment of εἰμί in previous edd. of this lexicon pp. 12–15).—Mlt. 228. B. 635. DELG. M-M. EDNT. TW. Sv.

Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > εἰμί

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